A versatile role of WO3 and MoO3 in electrical transport in phosphate glasses

Enhancing proton mobility and thermal stability in phosphate glasses with WO3: the mixed glass former effect in proton conducting glasses

“…The presence of W 5+ in the 6W- and 8W-glasses suggests the mixed protonic and electronic conduction in these glasses similar to the case of 35HO 1/2 –20WO 3 –55PO 5/2 and 35HO 1/2 –8WO 3 –8NbO 5/2 –5LaO 3/2 –44PO 5/2 . 16,22,23,28,29…”

“…S3 in the ESI†). Since the small-polaron hopping of the electron on W 5+ in glasses is a well-known phenomenon, 16,22,23,28,29 the partial conductivity due to non-proton contribution is attributed to electronic contributions. The electronic contribution to the conductivity increased with the WO 3 content due to the increasing electron carrier density.…”

Structure–polaronic conductivity relationship in vanadate–phosphate glasses

“…Just for comparison, in binary tungstate-phosphate glasses, no such structural diversity was reported. Based on the Raman spectra, [58][59][60] the tungsten incorporates into the phosphate network in octahedral coordination irrespective of the amount of WO 3 and mutual interconnection of WO 6 units encompasses a significant decrease in the number of terminal W-O bonds as the amount of WO 3 increases. Therefore, these results again bring forward the pivotal role of the glass structure, in particular the role of different TM-oxygen bonds in the polaron transport in oxide glasses.…”

Replacing Sodium Ions with Protons in Vanadophosphate Glass: Suppression of Electronic Conduction by Local Structural Change around Vanadium Ions

“…Glasses containing several transition metal oxides such as Fe 2 O 3 , V 2 O 5 , WO 3 , and MoO 3 exhibit semiconducting behavior, owing to electron hopping among the transition metal ions having two different atomic valences, that is, the mixed valence state. − When these glasses incorporate alkali oxides such as Li 2 O, Na 2 O, and K 2 O, their electrical conductivity changes from electronic to mixed ionic–electronic and ionic with increasing alkali oxide content. − Although this phenomenon has previously drawn scientific attention in the field of glass science, it has garnered renewed interest in recent years owing to the potential application of mixed ionic–electronic conductors as cathodes in Li + - and Na + -ion batteries, particularly all-solid-state batteries. − Evidently, the conversion of charge carriers from electrons to ions is related to the concentration of the transition metal and alkali ions and the interactions between negatively charged electrons and positively charged ions, that is, ion–polaron interactions …”