“…Various techniques have been used to deposit kesterites, including vacuum processes such as co-sputtering, 9,10 and co-evaporation, 11,12 and non-vacuum processes such as electrodeposition, 13,14 spray pyrolysis, 15,16 and spin coating. 17,18 The best CZTS solar cells produced to date have efficiencies of 12.6% 19 and 12.62%. 20 Currently, its competitor and forerunner, CIGS, has efficiencies of up to 23.35%.…”