A vertical graphene enhanced Zn–MnO<sub>2</sub> flexible battery towards wearable electronic devices

Chen, Junyan; Liang, Jianying; Zhou, Yang; Sha, Zuoliang; Lim, Sean; Huang, Feng; Han, Zhaojun; Brown, Suzanne; Cao, Liuyue; Wang, Dawei; Wang, Chun H.

doi:10.1039/d0ta08775k

Cited by 60 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…5d ). This may be attributed to the abundant oxygen and sulfur functional groups in PEDOT which promote the adsorption of H + 51 , 52 . So far, we have analyzed the influence of materials on the difference of the two ions embedding kinetics by means of optical signal semi-quantization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operando monitoring of ion activities in aqueous batteries with plasmonic fiber-optic sensors

et al. 2022

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Understanding ion transport kinetics and electrolyte-electrode interactions at electrode surfaces of batteries in operation is essential to determine their performance and state of health. However, it remains a challenging task to capture in real time the details of surface-localized and rapid ion transport at the microscale. To address this, a promising approach based on an optical fiber plasmonic sensor capable of being inserted near the electrode surface of a working battery to monitor its electrochemical kinetics without disturbing its operation is demonstrated using aqueous Zn-ion batteries as an example. The miniature and chemically inert sensor detects perturbations of surface plasmon waves propagating on its surface to rapidly screen localized electrochemical events on a sub-μm-scale thickness adjacent to the electrode interface. A stable and reproducible correlation between the real-time ion insertions over charge-discharge cycles and the optical plasmon response has been observed and quantified. This new operando measurement tool will provide crucial additional capabilities to battery monitoring methods and help guide the design of better batteries with improved electro-chemistries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operando monitoring of ion activities in aqueous batteries with plasmonic fiber-optic sensors

et al. 2022

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“…The predominant strategy is the "in situ" preparation of active materials on the current collectors. In this area, various conductive and flexible substrates are selected as supports for active materials, such as CCs, 23,31,35,36,46,48,52,53,58,63,71,75,76 CNT film/foam, 37,77 Ti foil, 24 and conductive PET substrates. 67 The in situ preparation routes of cathode materials can be roughly categorized as electrochemical methods and chemical methods.…”

Section: Binder-free Cathodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hydrothermal method serves as another practical option for the in situ preparation of some oxides 24,31,36,46,48,63,76 and vanadates 23,75 as flexible binder-free cathodes. In a typical chemical synthesis process of this kind, selected flexible substrates are mixed with reagents in an aqueous solution and sealed in an autoclave, and then held at high temperatures for a period of time.…”

Section: Binder-free Cathodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various cathode materials were in situ grown on flexible substrates in the form of nanosheets. 23,24,36,75,76 For example, Wang et al directly grew V 2 O 5 nanosheets on a titanium (Ti) substrate (V 2 O 5 -Ti) as a binder-free cathode for high-performance flexible aqueous zinc ion batteries. 24 As shown in Figure 3G, V 2 O 5 showed vertically aligned ultrathin and homogeneous 2D nanosheets, which ensured easy access of Zn 2+ ions with more intercalation space and shortened the Zn 2+ insertion/deintercalation path to improve the electrochemical performance.…”

Section: Binder-free Cathodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the advantages of hydrogel electrolytes over liquid electrolytes, the ion conductivity of hydrogel electrolytes is usually greatly compromised, whose negative effect on battery kinetic performance has been widely reported. 23,31,36,76 Therefore, increasing the ion conductivity of hydrogel electrolytes is a major hurdle to improving the electrochemical performance of FAMIBs. At present, one of the strategies to achieve this is creation of a porous structure of a polymer matrix of hydrogels.…”

Section: Increasing Ion Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent progress of flexible aqueous multivalent ion batteries

Wang

et al. 2022

Carbon Energy

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Flexible aqueous batteries have been thriving with the growing demand for wearable and portable electrical devices. In particular, flexible aqueous multivalent ion batteries (FAMIBs), the charge carriers of which include Zn 2+ , Al 3+ , Mg 2+ , and Ca 2+ , have great potential for development owing to their high safety, high elemental abundance in the Earth's crust, and a multielectron redox mechanism with a high theoretical specific capacity. Therefore, for a comprehensive understanding of this developing field, it is necessary to summarize the recent research progress of FAMIBs in a timely manner.Herein, the advancements of the state-of-the-art FAMIBs are reviewed, and the prospects toward this field are also proposed. This study focuses on the rational material and configuration design for FAMIBs in recent studies to achieve high battery performances under deformation conditions, which is elaborated on by classification of the anode, cathode, hydrogel electrolyte, and configurations of FAMIBs. Besides, the electrochemical performance of FAMIBs under flexible conditions is also reviewed from the perspective of their working voltage, specific capacity, and cycling stability. Finally, the approaches to improve the performance of FAMIBs are comprehensively evaluated, followed by the outlook on the challenges and opportunities in future development of FAMIBs.

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Highly Flexible Electrodes Based on Nano/Micro‐Fiber for Flexible Lithium Metal Batteries

Hwang,

Kwak

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Although Li metal batteries (LMBs) with high flexibility are attractive energy storage systems for wearable devices due to their high energy density, there exist critical challenges such as limited loading density, poor dimensional stability, and thus mechanical instability under repeated mechanical deformations including bending, twisting, and folding. In this work, extremely flexible nano/microfiber composite electrodes are developed for LMBs. The highly flexible and mechanically durable electrode is composed of oxidized polyethylene terephthalate (O‐PET) microfiber (MF) substrates covered by single‐walled carbon nanotube (CNT) nanofibers (NF), prepared by mass‐producible O2 plasma treatment and spray‐coating. CNT nanofibers provided an electrical intertangled network to integrate the active materials (i.e., either NCM or passivated Li powder (PLP)) and anchored to a flexible O‐PET MF substrate, which permits high mass loading of active materials, improved electrochemical performance while maintaining mechanical durability. Resultantly, the flexible LMBs based on nano/micro fibrous electrodes have excellent energy density (300.1 Wh kg−1 electrode; nominal voltage of 3.7 V) and stable capacity retention (97.1%) without mechanical failure over 500 folding cycles.

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A vertical graphene enhanced Zn–MnO₂ flexible battery towards wearable electronic devices

Abstract: A multilayer structured cathode for zinc ion batteries is created by using vertical graphene nano-maze to hold MnO2 and encapsulating with an ionic conductive PEDOT:PSS layer. The new electrode exhibits exceptional capacity and cycle performance.

Cited by 60 publications

References 59 publications

Operando monitoring of ion activities in aqueous batteries with plasmonic fiber-optic sensors

Operando monitoring of ion activities in aqueous batteries with plasmonic fiber-optic sensors

Recent progress of flexible aqueous multivalent ion batteries

Highly Flexible Electrodes Based on Nano/Micro‐Fiber for Flexible Lithium Metal Batteries

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A vertical graphene enhanced Zn–MnO2 flexible battery towards wearable electronic devices

Abstract: A multilayer structured cathode for zinc ion batteries is created by using vertical graphene nano-maze to hold MnO2 and encapsulating with an ionic conductive PEDOT:PSS layer. The new electrode exhibits exceptional capacity and cycle performance.

Cited by 60 publications

References 59 publications

Operando monitoring of ion activities in aqueous batteries with plasmonic fiber-optic sensors

Operando monitoring of ion activities in aqueous batteries with plasmonic fiber-optic sensors

Recent progress of flexible aqueous multivalent ion batteries

Highly Flexible Electrodes Based on Nano/Micro‐Fiber for Flexible Lithium Metal Batteries

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Product

Resources

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A vertical graphene enhanced Zn–MnO₂ flexible battery towards wearable electronic devices