A Vicious Cycle of Osteosarcopenia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases—Aetiology, Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Perspectives

Skrzypczak, Dorota; Ratajczak, Alicja Ewa; Szymczak-Tomczak, Aleksandra; Dobrowolska, Agnieszka; Eder, Piotr; Krela‐Kaźmierczak, Iwona

doi:10.3390/nu13020293

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…Pediatric patients with CD and vitamin D deficiency are at high risk of sarcopenia [ 24 ]. Vitamin D deficiency is also a risk for osteosarcopenia [ 63 ]. On the other hand, in patients with UC, where the appearance of damaged lesions in the duodenum and small intestine is rare, vitamin deficiency is less frequent than in CD [ 64 ].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Sarcopenia In Patients With Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Sarcopenia: Its Mechanism and Clinical Importance

Nishikawa

Nakamura

Miyazaki

et al. 2021

JCM

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Malnutrition is a major contributor to muscle loss and muscle dysfunction, known as sarcopenia. Malnutrition is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). The number of patients with IBD has recently been increasing. More severe malnutrition is often seen in CD compared to UC, probably due to CD affecting the main site of nutrient absorption, extensive mucosal lesions, fistulas, short bowel syndrome after resection, or obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract. A recent meta-analysis showed the high prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with IBD, and thus sarcopenia is a very important problem for IBD. Although IBD is more common in younger patients, sarcopenia can develop through a variety of mechanisms, including malnutrition, chronic inflammation, increased inflammatory status in adipose tissue, vitamin deficiency, and imbalance of the muscle–gut axis. In addition, sarcopenia has a negative impact on postoperative complications and hospital stay in patients with IBD. Appropriate intervention for sarcopenia may be important, in addition to clinical remission and endoscopic mucosal healing in patients with IBD. Much more attention will thus be paid to sarcopenia in patients with IBD. In this review, we outline IBD and sarcopenia, based on the current evidence.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Sarcopenia In Patients With Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Sarcopenia: Its Mechanism and Clinical Importance

Nishikawa

Nakamura

Miyazaki

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…Macronutrients deficiency, particularly protein (2,48) Minerals deficiency, particularly iron and magnesium (25,28,31,48) Vitamins deficiency, particularly vitamin B 12, folic acid and vitamin D (24,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(48)(49)(50)85,86)…”

Section: Observed Effect Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Sarcopenia: A Focus on Muscle Strength - Narrative Review

MENDES,

SIMÕES,

MARTINS

et al. 2023

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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Inflammation, changes in nutrient absorption and gut dysbiosis are common conditions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. These factors may lead to variations in macro- and micronutrients and, particularly, to an imbalance of protein metabolism, loss of muscle mass and development of sarcopenia. This narrative review aims to present the set of factors with impact in muscle strength and physical performance that may potentially mediate the relation between inflammatory bowel disease and sarcopenia. Studies that associated changes in muscle strength, sarcopenia and inflammatory bowel disease were selected through a literature search in databases Medline, Pubmed and Scielo using relevant keywords: muscle strength, physical performance, sarcopenia and inflammatory bowel disease. Chronic inflammation is currently reported as a determinant factor in the development of muscle atrophy in inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, strength decline in inflammatory bowel disease patients may be also influenced by changes in body composition and by gut dysbiosis. Measures of muscle strength and physical performance should be considered in the initial identification of sarcopenia, particularly in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, for a timely intervention can be provided. Presence of proinflammatory cytokines, high adiposity, malabsorption and consequent deficits of macro and micronutrients, loss of muscle mass, and gut dysbiosis may be the main factors with impact in muscle strength, that probably mediate the relation between inflammatory bowel disease and sarcopenia.

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“…Drugs used to treat IBD, in particular systemic steroids, contribute to decrease muscle mass due to stimulating myostatin [100]. Sarcopenia represents a predictive factor for surgery and increases the rate of postoperative complications [101,102]. A mere evaluation of BMI in patients affected by IBD is misleading: In fact, body composition could be altered, with a reduced lean mass compensated by an increase in fat mass [103].…”

Section: Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Is There a Role for Nutritional Suggestions?

et al. 2021

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Nutrition has an important impact on inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In particular, several studies have addressed its role in their pathogenesis, showing how the incidence of IBD significantly increased in recent years. Meanwhile, nutrition should be considered a component of the treatment of the disease, both as a therapy itself, and especially in the perspective of correcting the various nutritional deficiencies shown by these patients. In this perspective, nutritional suggestions are very important even in the most severe forms of IBD, requiring hospitalization or surgical treatment. Although current knowledge about nutrition in IBD is increasing over time, nutritional suggestions are often underestimated by clinicians. This narrative review is an update summary of current knowledge on nutritional suggestions in IBD, in order to address the impact of nutrition on pathogenesis, micro- and macro-nutrients deficiencies (especially in the case of sarcopenia and obesity), as well as in hospitalized patients.

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A Vicious Cycle of Osteosarcopenia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases—Aetiology, Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Perspectives

Cited by 11 publications

References 162 publications

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Sarcopenia: Its Mechanism and Clinical Importance

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Sarcopenia: Its Mechanism and Clinical Importance

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Sarcopenia: A Focus on Muscle Strength - Narrative Review

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Is There a Role for Nutritional Suggestions?

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