A view on the functioning mechanism of EBW detonators -part 2: bridgewire output

Lee, E A; Drake, Rod; Richardson, John

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/500/5/052024

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The magnitude of the shock from an EBW has been studied [45][46][47]. This is a difficult measurement to make and so generally some from of Schlieren high-speed photography of the shock has been used to estimate the shock pressure from the known properties of the transparent medium (air, water or siloxane rubber) into which the bridge-bursts occur.…”

Section: (B) the Magnitude Of A Shock From An Ebwmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the mechanism by which exploding bridge-wire detonators function

Rae

Dickson

2019

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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An introduction to exploding bridge-wire (EBW) detonators is given followed by an extensive critical review of open source literature pertaining to these devices. The aim is to better establish the mechanism of operation. Some authors state that the key mechanism is shock-to-detonation while others maintain it is more thermal in nature, or a complex combination of both. In addition to EBW detonators, arc detonators and direct optical initiation detonators are also reviewed, and it is demonstrated that in this manner the usually coupled effects from both shock and deflagration can be somewhat decoupled. As a result, it is hypothesized that the mechanism of operation in all three detonators is in fact the same: the formation of a hot plasma with a power of ≈1 MW and emission in the ultraviolet drives a thermal explosion process.

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Section: (B) the Magnitude Of A Shock From An Ebwmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the mechanism by which exploding bridge-wire detonators function

Rae

Dickson

2019

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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“…After bridgewire burst there is continued conduction between the posts of the detonator header 2 . Therefore it was postulated the post-burst energy is delivered into the reaction by the spark formed between the electrode posts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between exploding bridgewire and spark initiation of low density PETN

Lee

Drake

2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…The general understanding of this portion of the curve seems to now include ionization of the gas surrounding, or within, the bridgewire although there is little to no direct evidence to suggest that ionization states are, in fact, reached within the expanded bridge material. It is likely that these states are reached, however, as electrical conduction remains after the air spark is suppressed [13] and they are regularly assumed to exist [14,15].…”

Section: General Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies that have focused on quantifying this have aimed to measure the expansion of the wire into air [33] and found that there is no correlation between the vigor of expansion of the bridgewire in air and the initiation threshold of PETN (see Table 2). Other studies have aimed to use the rate of expansion of the bridgewire into air and infer shock properties within the PETN [14,15]. This method is incorrect and the results of those studies should be treated with caution.…”

Section: Wire Materials Vs Initiation Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PETN Exploding Bridgewire (EBW) Detonators: A Review

Neal

2020

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Exploding bridgewire (EBW) detonators have been used in weapon systems since the 1940s but there is huge debate surrounding how energy is transferred throughout the EBW firing system and the mechanism by which the exploding wire leads explosive detonation. This report summarizes the underpinning technologies and physical processes that are currently understood and reviews the various efforts to quantify the mechanism by which the PETN is initiated. The behavior of the firing system is very well understood and predictable. The energy delivered to the wire has been empirically modelled but further investigation is required to understand the role of material heterogeneities and their effect on initiation. The energy delivered by the exploding wire has been quantified in many studies but it is not possible to correlate these to a particular design or firing regime and thus definitive conclusions are impossible. The energy absorbed by the PETN is also not well understood. Therefore, the initiation mechanism within the PETN EBWs has not been determined for EBW detonators. There is strong evidence that a shock-todetonation (SDT) mechanism is not the sole cause of initiation. There is insufficient understanding of how electrical sparks transmit energy to PETN to make any judgement regarding the role gas ionization plays. Deflagration-to-detonation (DDT) seems like the most likely candidate for initiation but there is still a great lack of evidence for the presence of this mechanism.

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A view on the functioning mechanism of EBW detonators -part 2: bridgewire output

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

A review of the mechanism by which exploding bridge-wire detonators function

A review of the mechanism by which exploding bridge-wire detonators function

Relationship between exploding bridgewire and spark initiation of low density PETN

PETN Exploding Bridgewire (EBW) Detonators: A Review

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