A virtual issue highlighting eating disorders in people of black/African and Indigenous heritage

Mikhail, Megan E.; Klump, Kelly L.

doi:10.1002/eat.23402

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…To date, most BI and ED research has been conducted with predominantly White, cisgender, and heterosexual participants, with the vast majority of studies taking place in Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) countries (Mikhail & Klump, 2021 ). ED research is often conducted with female samples, thus underrepresenting men and nonbinary or genderqueer participants (Burke et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mixed‐studies systematic review of the experiences of body image, disordered eating, and eating disorders during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Schneider

Pegram

Gibson

et al. 2022

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objectives This systematic review assessed the influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic and associated restrictions on body image, disordered eating (DE), and eating disorder outcomes. Methods After registration on PROSPERO, a search was conducted for papers published between December 1, 2019 and August 1, 2021, using the databases PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, CINAHL Plus, AMED, MEDLINE, ERIC, EMBASE, Wiley, and ProQuest (dissertations and theses). Results Data from 75 qualitative, quantitative, and mixed‐methods studies were synthesized using a convergent integrated approach and presented narratively within four themes: (1) disruptions due to the COVID‐19 pandemic; (2) variability in the improvement or exacerbation of symptoms; (3) factors associated with body image and DE outcomes; (4) unique challenges for marginalized and underrepresented groups. Disruptions due to the pandemic included social and functional restrictions. Although most studies reported a worsening of concerns, some participants also reported symptom improvement or no change as a result of the pandemic. Factors associated with worse outcomes included psychological, individual, social, and eating disorder‐related variables. Individuals identifying as LGBTQ+ reported unique concerns during COVID‐19. Discussion There is large variability in individuals' responses to COVID‐19 and limited research exploring the effect of the pandemic on body image, DE, and eating disorder outcomes using longitudinal and experimental study designs. In addition, further research is required to investigate the effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on body image and eating concerns among minoritized, racialized, underrepresented, or otherwise marginalized participants. Based on the findings of this review, we make recommendations for individuals, researchers, clinicians, and public health messaging. Public Significance This review of 75 studies highlights the widespread negative impacts that the COVID‐19 pandemic and associated restrictions have had on body image and disordered eating outcomes. It also identifies considerable variations in both the improvement and exacerbation of said outcomes that individuals, researchers, clinicians, and other public health professionals should be mindful of if we are to ensure that vulnerable people get the tailored support they require.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mixed‐studies systematic review of the experiences of body image, disordered eating, and eating disorders during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Schneider

Pegram

Gibson

et al. 2022

Intl J Eating Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…If researchers choose to proceed with the respecified Parker et al (2016) four‐factor model to assess ED symptoms in these groups in the future, we recommend collecting data to evaluate convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity, and test–retest reliability to provide further support for this model's psychometric properties. Another limitation is that Latinx, indigenous groups, and other populations were not included (Mikhail & Klump, 2020). Furthermore, considering the heterogeneity within and across Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander sub‐groups (Cummins et al, 2005; Goel et al, 2021; Goel, Thomas, et al, 2022) future research should assess ED behaviors within distinct Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire: Evaluating factor structures and establishing measurement invariance with Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Black, and White American college men

Goel

Burnette

Weinstock

et al. 2022

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective: This study evaluated the factor structure and invariance of the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) in a sample of Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (n = 163), Black (n = 155), and White (n = 367) American university men.Method: Twelve different EDE-Q factor structures reported in the literature were evaluated using multi-group confirmatory factor analyses, and measurement invariance assessed.Results: A respecified four-factor structure proposed by Parker et al. (2016) showed superior fit and was invariant across groups. Significant differences emerged across all latent factors, with small to medium effects. Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander men reported significantly higher scores on factors assessing Appearance Concern, Overvaluation of Shape/Weight, and Eating Concerns, and were more likely to endorse regular objective binge eating (OBE) and fasting episodes than their Black and White peers. Both White and Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander men reported greater dietary restraint than Black men. Among this sample, frequencies of regular compensatory exercise ranged from 10% to 16%, fasting 6% to 14%, and OBEs 1% to 10%.Discussion: Results provide further support for the use of alternate EDE-Q factor structures, especially among non-White men. In this study, Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander men reported the highest levels of ED psychopathology relative to White and Black men, indicating they might be particularly vulnerable to EDs.

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“…Relatedly, most studies have used participant samples that are predominantly (often over 95%) white. This is despite the fact that LOC is equally or more common among people of color than among white individuals ( 119 ). Additional research is therefore urgently needed to examine whether associations between NA and LOC are similar across gender and race/ethnicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affect Dysregulation in Context: Implications and Future Directions of Experience Sampling Research on Affect Regulation Models of Loss of Control Eating

Mikhail

2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Loss of control eating is a core, transdiagnostic eating disorder symptom associated with psychological distress, functional impairment, and reduced quality of life. However, the factors that contribute to persistent loss of control eating despite negative consequences are not fully understood. Understanding the mechanisms that maintain loss of control eating is crucial to advance treatments that interrupt these processes. Affect regulation models of loss of control eating hypothesize that negative emotions trigger loss of control eating, and that loss of control eating is negatively reinforced because it temporarily decreases negative affect. Several variations on this basic affect regulation model have been proposed, including theories suggesting that negative affect decreases during loss of control eating rather than afterwards (escape theory), and that loss of control eating replaces one negative emotion with another that is less aversive (trade-off theory). Experience sampling designs that measure negative affect and eating behavior multiple times per day are optimally suited to examining the nuanced predictions of these affect regulation models in people's everyday lives. This paper critically reviews experience sampling studies examining associations between negative affect and loss of control eating, and discusses the implications for different affect regulation models of loss of control eating. The review concludes by proposing an expanded affect-focused model of loss of control eating that incorporates trait-level individual differences and momentary biological and environmental variables to guide future research. Clinical implications and recommendations are discussed.

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A virtual issue highlighting eating disorders in people of black/African and Indigenous heritage

Cited by 43 publications

References 52 publications

A mixed‐studies systematic review of the experiences of body image, disordered eating, and eating disorders during the COVID‐19 pandemic

A mixed‐studies systematic review of the experiences of body image, disordered eating, and eating disorders during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire: Evaluating factor structures and establishing measurement invariance with Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Black, and White American college men

Affect Dysregulation in Context: Implications and Future Directions of Experience Sampling Research on Affect Regulation Models of Loss of Control Eating

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