A visual editing tool supporting the production of 3D interactive graphics assets for public exhibitions

Cannavò, Alberto; Pace, Francesco De; Salaroglio, Federico; Lamberti, Fabrizio

doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2020.102450

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…2) DIAGRAM-BASED TOOLS Tools using the diagram-based approach empower users to construct a program by connecting together visual components where the output of a component serves as a data input to another component. In some tools such as [41], the visual components may represent data sets and algorithms, whereas in other tools such as [42], the visual components simply represent graphical components. Further, the user can configure these services by setting its properties.…”

Section: ) Form-based Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another example of a diagram-based approach is described in [42]. End users design 3D interactive graphics by dragging and dropping blocks to the tool environment.…”

Section: ) Form-based Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three of the surveyed articles present tools that specialized in interactive displays. As discussed earlier, the tool in [50] uses a block-based approach to help end users build interactive museum exhibitions, while the tool presented in [42] uses a diagram-based approach where end users connect objects representing 3D models, configure the objects, and add some logic to build 3D interactive exhibitions.…”

Section: Rq1-d4: Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, participants rated FAST higher than the other tools in terms of usability and functionality. Some authors such as [42] conducted formal experiments with a relatively low number of participants (14). Nevertheless, the results were statistically significant.…”

Section: B Rq2-d2: Type Of Test Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Characterizing Visual Programming Approaches for End-User Developers: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Recently many researches have explored the potential of visual programming in robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and education. However, there is a lack of studies that analyze the recent evidence-based visual programming approaches that are applied in several domains. This study presents a systematic review to understand, compare, and reflect on recent visual programming approaches using twelve dimensions: visual programming classification, interaction style, target users, domain, platform, empirical evaluation type, test participants' type, number of test participants, test participants' programming skills, evaluation methods, evaluation measures, and accessibility of visual programming tools. The results show that most of the selected articles discussed tools that target IoT and education, while other fields such as data science, robotics are emerging. Further, most tools use abstractions to hide implementation details and use similar interaction styles. The predominant platforms for the tools are web and mobile, while desktop-based tools are on the decline. Only a few tools were evaluated with a formal experiment, whilst the remaining ones were evaluated with evaluation studies or informal feedback. Most tools were evaluated with students with little to no programming skills. There is a lack of emphasis on usability principles in the design stage of the tools. Additionally, only one of the tools was evaluated for expressiveness. Other areas for exploration include supporting end users throughout the life cycle of applications created with the tools, studying the impact of tutorials on improving learnability, and exploring the potential of machine learning to improve debugging solutions developed with visual programming.INDEX TERMS Visual programming, end-user development, human-computer interaction, systematic literature review.

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Section: ) Form-based Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another example of a diagram-based approach is described in [42]. End users design 3D interactive graphics by dragging and dropping blocks to the tool environment.…”

Section: ) Form-based Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rq1-d4: Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Rq2-d2: Type Of Test Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterizing Visual Programming Approaches for End-User Developers: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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“…The user is asked to sort these factors, then to rate each of them in a 3-scale table, and the final evaluation is derived through a conversion table that provides the relationship between the 1-3 scale table and the final score. NASA-TLX (Hart, 2006;Hart and Staveland, 1988) is another widely accepted subjective workload evaluation method applied in the computer-human interface field (Cannavò et al, 2020;Ma and Kaber, 2006). Based on a multi-dimensional rating procedure, NASA-TLX obtains an overall workload score according to a weighted average of ratings on six criteria: Mental Demand (MD), Physical demand (PD), Temporal Demand (TD), Performance (Pe), Effort (Ef) and Frustration (Fr).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced cognitive workload evaluation in 3D immersive environments with TOPSIS model

Wang

Chardonnet

Merienne

2021

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

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Research puts forward perception-based cognitive workload evaluation methods to help VR developers and users measuring their workload when playing with a VR application. Approaches to measure workload based on biosensors have progressed significantly, while evaluation based on subjective methods still rely on standard questionnaires such as the NASA-TLX table, the Subjective Workload Assessment Technique and the Modified Cooper Harper scale. The pre-defined questions enable operators to carry out experiments and analyse the data more easily than with biofeedback. However, the subjective evaluation process can bias the results because of unperceived internal changes and unknown factors among users. It is therefore necessary to have a method to handle and analyse this uncertainty. We propose to use the Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) model to analyse the NASA-TLX table for measuring the overall user workload instead of using the classical weighted sum method. To show the advantage of the TOPSIS approach, we performed a user experiment to validate the approach and its application to VR, considering factors including the VR platform and the scenario density. Three different weighting methods, including the fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) from fuzzy logic, the classical weighting based on pairwise comparison and the uniform weighting method, were tested to see the applicability of the TOPSIS model. The results from TOPSIS were consistent with those from other evaluation methods; a significant reduction in the coefficient of variation (CV) was observed when using the TOPSIS model to analyse the NASA-TLX scores, indicating an enhanced precision of the workload evaluation by the TOPSIS method. Our work has a potential application for VR designers and experimenters to compare cognitive workload among conditions and to optimize the settings.

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Non-photorealistic rendering as a feedback strategy in virtual reality for rehabilitation

Quintana,

Rodríguez,

Sbert

et al. 2024

Virtual Reality

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Virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation has been proven to be a very promising method to increase the focus and attention of patients by immersing them in a virtual world, and through that, improve the effectiveness of the rehabilitation. One of the biggest challenges in designing VR Rehabilitation exercises is in choosing feedback strategies that guide the patient and give the appropriate success/failure indicators, without breaking their sense of immersion. A new strategy for feedback is proposed, using non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) to highlight important parts of the exercise the patient needs to focus on and fade out parts of the scene that are not relevant. This strategy is implemented into an authoring tool that allows rehabilitators specifying feedback strategies while creating exercise profiles. The NPR feedback can be configured in many ways, using different NPR schemes for different layers of the exercise environment such as the background environment, the non-interactive exercise objects, and the interactive exercise objects. The main features of the system including the support for universal render pipeline, camera stacking, and stereoscopic rendering are evaluated in a testing scenario. Performance tests regarding memory usage and supported frames per second are also considered. In addition, a group of rehabilitators evaluated the system usability. The proposed system meets all the requirements to apply NPR effect in VR scenarios and solves all the limitations with regard to technical function and image quality. In addition, the system performance has been shown to meet the targets for low-cost hardware. Regarding authoring tool usability rehabilitators agree that is easy to use and a valuable tool for rehabilitation scenarios. NPR schemes can be integrated into VR rehabilitation scenarios achieving the same image quality as non-VR visualizations with only a small impact on the frame rate. NPR schemes are a good visual feedback alternative.

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A visual editing tool supporting the production of 3D interactive graphics assets for public exhibitions

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Characterizing Visual Programming Approaches for End-User Developers: A Systematic Review

Characterizing Visual Programming Approaches for End-User Developers: A Systematic Review

Enhanced cognitive workload evaluation in 3D immersive environments with TOPSIS model

Non-photorealistic rendering as a feedback strategy in virtual reality for rehabilitation

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