A Volatile Relationship: Profiling an Inter-Kingdom Dialogue Between two Plant Pathogens, Ralstonia Solanacearum and Aspergillus Flavus

Spraker, Joseph E.; Jewell, Kelsea A.; Roze, Ludmila V.; Scherf, Jacob M.; Ndagano, Dora; Beaudry, Randolph M.; Linz, John E.; Allen, Caitilyn; Keller, Nancy P.

doi:10.1007/s10886-014-0432-2

Cited by 60 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…We visualized in a Venn diagram the distribution of the VOCs produced by the treatments [5,34]. However, due to the complexity in the VOCs profiles induced by the experimental conditions, the results provided by the Venn diagram were difficult to describe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endophytic fungi-microorganisms that live inside plant tissues without causing disease symptoms or displaying outward signs of habitation are capable to produce secondary metabolites with antibiotic activity, such as, nonvolatile and volatile compounds [2,3]. Fungal volatiles mediate ecological relationships such as intra and interspecific communication and as defense compounds [4,5]. In addition, endophytic fungi could protect the host plant by producing nonvolatile and volatile compounds with antifungal activity against plant pathogens, and by mycoparasitism and predation that limits the pathogen growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fungus VOC profiles in these antagonistic interactions, may change qualitatively, quantitatively or both during inter-and intraspecific interactions [12]. VOCs profiles also change in antagonistic interactions between fungi and bacteria [5,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are some reports about changes in volatile production in interspecific interactions between saprobe and wood rotting basidiomycetes [12,14], and between bacteria and fungi [5], when exploring the ecological role of volatile compounds produced by fungi and their possible application in agriculture. However, up to date, there are no reports on changes in the production of volatile compounds between an endophytic fungus and an oomycete plant pathogen in antagonistic interactions, since the metabolites produced are probably responsible for the biological activity observed in co-culture; generally, this bioactivity is attributed to the endophyte secondary metabolites produced when is cultivated under axenic monoculture conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antifungal Volatile Organic Compounds from the Endophyte Nodulisporium sp. Strain GS4d2II1a: a Qualitative Change in the Intraspecific and Interspecific Interactions with Pythium aphanidermatum

Sánchez-Fernández

Díaz²,

Duarte³

et al. 2015

Microb Ecol

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This study demonstrates volatile organic compounds (VOCs) production as one of the defense mechanisms of the antagonistic endophyte Nodulisporium sp. GS4d2II1a, and the volatile changes in two times of the fungal growth; and, as result of its intra and interspecific interactions with the plant pathogen Pythium aphanidermatum. The antifungal activity of the volatile and diffusible metabolites was evaluated by means of three types of antagonism bioassays and by organic extract agar dilution. VOCs were obtained by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry from 3- and 5-day Nodulisporium sp. cultures, as well as from its interspecific in vitro antagonistic interaction with the oomycete P. aphanidermatum, and its intraspecific Nodulisporium sp.-Nodulisporium sp. interaction. The GS4d2II1a strain completely inhibited the growth of two fungi and seven oomycetes by replacing their mycelia in simple antagonism bioassays and by producing in vitro volatile and diffusible metabolites that acted synergistically in multiple antagonism bioassays. Additionally, VOCs inhibited the growth of three oomycetes and one fungus in antagonism bioassays using divided plates. A total of 70 VOCs were detected, mainly including mono and sesquiterpenes, especially eucalyptol and limonene. Multiple correspondence analysis revealed four different volatile profiles, showing that volatiles changed with the fungus age and its intra and interspecific interactions. The metabolites produced by Nodulisporium sp. GS4d2II1a could be useful for biological control of fungal and oomycetes plant pathogens of economically important crops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antifungal Volatile Organic Compounds from the Endophyte Nodulisporium sp. Strain GS4d2II1a: a Qualitative Change in the Intraspecific and Interspecific Interactions with Pythium aphanidermatum

Sánchez-Fernández

Díaz²,

Duarte³

et al. 2015

Microb Ecol

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“…The xylem of 2–3 cm from the stem was dissected and the sap was rubbed in CPG medium and inoculated for 48h at 28°C. Identification was done on the basis of the morphology of the colony on CPG medium, Gram staining and microscopic examination 25, 26 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Trichoderma spp., Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis for biological control of Ralstonia wilt of tomato

Yendyo

G.C.²,

Pandey³

2018

F1000Res

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Background: Ralstonia spp. is a major pathogenic microbe for tomato, which invades the roots of diverse plant hosts and colonizes xylem vessels causing wilt, especially in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate regions. Ralstonia spp. produces several virulence factors helping it to invade the plant’s natural defense mechanism. Native isolates of Trichoderma spp., Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis can be used as biocontrol agents to control the bacterial wilt and combined application of these beneficial microbes can give better results. Methods: Bacterial wilt infection in the field was identified by field experts and the infected plant part was used to isolate Ralstonia spp. in CPG media and was positively identified. Subsequently, the efficacy of the biocontrol agents was tested and documented using agar well diffusion technique and digital microscopy. 2ml of the microbial concentrate (10 9 cells/ml) was mixed in one liter of water and was applied in the plant root at the rate of 100 ml per plant as a treatment method. Results: It was observed that the isolated Trichoderma spp. AA2 and Pseudomonas fluorescens PFS were most potent in inhibiting the growth of Ralstonia spp. , showing ZOI 20.67 mm and 22.33 mm, respectively. Digital microscopy showed distinct inhibitory effect on the growth and survival of Ralstonia spp . The results from the field data indicated that Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens alone were able to prevent 92% and 96% of the infection and combination of both were more effective, preventing 97% of infection. Chemical control methods prevented 94% of infection. Bacillus subtilis could only prevent 84 % of the infection. Conclusions: Antagonistic effect against Ralstonia spp. shown by native isolates of Trichoderma spp. and P. fluorescens manifested the promising potential as biocontrol agents. Combined application gave better results. Results shown by Bacillus subtilis were not significant.

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Phenotypic responses to microbial volatiles render a mold fungus more susceptible to insect damage

Ortiz

Trienens

Pfohl

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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In decomposer systems, fungi show diverse phenotypic responses to volatile organic compounds of microbial origin (volatiles). The mechanisms underlying such responses and their consequences for the performance and ecological success of fungi in a multitrophic community context have rarely been tested explicitly. We used a laboratory‐based approach in which we investigated a tripartite yeast–mold–insect model decomposer system to understand the possible influence of yeast‐borne volatiles on the ability of a chemically defended mold fungus to resist insect damage. The volatile‐exposed mold phenotype (1) did not exhibit protein kinase A‐dependent morphological differentiation, (2) was more susceptible to insect foraging activity, and (3) had reduced insecticidal properties. Additionally, the volatile‐exposed phenotype was strongly impaired in secondary metabolite formation and unable to activate “chemical defense” genes upon insect damage. These results suggest that volatiles can be ecologically important factors that affect the chemical‐based combative abilities of fungi against insect antagonists and, consequently, the structure and dynamics of decomposer communities.

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A Volatile Relationship: Profiling an Inter-Kingdom Dialogue Between two Plant Pathogens, Ralstonia Solanacearum and Aspergillus Flavus

Cited by 60 publications

References 66 publications

Antifungal Volatile Organic Compounds from the Endophyte Nodulisporium sp. Strain GS4d2II1a: a Qualitative Change in the Intraspecific and Interspecific Interactions with Pythium aphanidermatum

Antifungal Volatile Organic Compounds from the Endophyte Nodulisporium sp. Strain GS4d2II1a: a Qualitative Change in the Intraspecific and Interspecific Interactions with Pythium aphanidermatum

Evaluation of Trichoderma spp., Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis for biological control of Ralstonia wilt of tomato

Phenotypic responses to microbial volatiles render a mold fungus more susceptible to insect damage

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