A volumetric MRI study of the hippocampus in type 1 and 2 alcoholism

Laakso, Mikko P.; Vaurio, Olli; Savolainen, Liisa; Repo, Eila; Soininen, Hilkka; Aronen, Hannu J.; Tiihonen, Jari

doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(99)00172-2

Cited by 150 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, we were able to exclude participants with a known history of stroke, a condition that might directly impact brain volumes. Although the findings are somewhat mixed in terms of laterality, studies generally suggest that severe alcohol dependence is associated with reduced hippocampal volume (Beresford et al, 2006;Laakso et al, 2000;Le Berre et al, 2012;Ozsoy et al, 2013). To our knowledge, the degree of reversibility of hippocampal volume changes with alcohol dependence has not been investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Association of Depressive Symptoms with Hippocampal Volume in 1936 Adults

Brown

Hughes

McColl

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Hippocampal atrophy is reported in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, sample sizes were generally modest, and participant characteristics, including age, differed between studies. This study used a community sample to examine relationships between current depressive symptom severity and hippocampal volume across the adult lifespan. A total of 1936 adults with magnetic resonance images of the brain and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (QIDS-SR) scores were included. Brain volumes were quantified using the FSL program. Multiple linear regressions were performed using left, right, and total hippocampal volume as criterion variables, and predictor variables of QIDS-SR total, total brain volume, age, gender, education, psychotropic medications, alcohol use, and race/ethnicity. Post hoc analyses were conducted in participants with QIDS-SR scores X11 (moderate or greater depressive symptom severity) and o11, and older and younger adults. In the primary analysis (sample as a whole) QIDS-SR was inversely associated with total hippocampal volume (b ¼ À 0.044, p ¼ 0.032, (CI À 0.019 to À 0.001)) but not with left or right hippocampal volume evaluated individually. In participants with QIDS-SR scores of o11, hippocampal volumes were not associated with QIDS-SR scores. In those with QIDS-SR scores X11 total, right, and left hippocampal volumes were modestly, but significantly, associated with QIDS-SR scores. The association between QIDS-SR scores and the hippocampal volume was much stronger in older persons. Findings suggest smaller hippocampal volumes among those with greater reported depressive symptom severity-an association that is strongest in people with at least moderate depressive symptom levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Association of Depressive Symptoms with Hippocampal Volume in 1936 Adults

Brown

Hughes

McColl

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Second, most studies included PTSD subjects with current alcohol dependence and/or depression. Alcoholism is common in PTSD (Fontanaet al 1990) and is associated with hippocampal atrophy (Laakso et al 2000). Depression is also common in PTSD (Fontana et al 1990), impairs memory performance, and has opposite effects on HPA axis function from PTSD (Axelson et al 1993a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies reported decreased volumes of the hippocampus in both Vietnam combat veterans (Bremner et al 1995;Gurvits et al 1996) and noncombat trauma victims (Bremner et al 1997;Stein et al 1997) with PTSD; however, laterality was inconsistent across these MRI studies, with volume decreases being reported in the right, the left, and both hippocampi. Because alcohol dependence and abuse are common in subjects with PTSD and are also associated with hippocampal atrophy (Laakso et al 2000), the possibility that hippocampal volume loss in PTSD might be at least in part alcohol related cannot be ruled out. This possibility is also supported by another MRI study (Wilkins et al 1996) that found no difference in hippocampal volumes between alcohol abusing PTSD patients and alcohol abusers without PTSD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased hippocampal N-acetylaspartate in the absence of atrophy in posttraumatic stress disorder

Schuff

Neylan

Lenoci

et al. 2001

Biological Psychiatry

226

155

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Background-Previous magnetic resonance imaging studies of posttraumatic stress disorder reported hippocampal volume loss. The goals of this study were 1) to determine the relationship between hippocampal atrophy and posttraumatic stress disorder in the absence of alcohol abuse, and 2) to test if loss of N-acetylaspartate (a neuron marker) in the hippocampus of posttraumatic stress disorder occurs separate from atrophy. In addition, volume changes in the entorhinal cortex were also explored.

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“…Studies of adult alcoholics reveal white matter volume reductions and microstructural abnormalities (Estruch et al, 1997;Hommer et al, 1996;Kril, Halliday, Svoboda, & Cartwright, 1997;Pfefferbaum et al, 1996;Pfefferbaum et al, 2000), and gray matter volume deficits in hippocampal and other brain regions (Gansler et al, 2000;Laakso et al, 2000;Phillips, Harper, & Kril, 1987;Sullivan et al, 2005;Sullivan, et al, 1995). Neuropsychological studies demonstrate deficits in verbal and visual memory, working memory, visuospatial functioning, gait/balance, reasoning, inhibition, and speeded processing (Duka, et al, 2003;Garland, Parsons, & Nixon, 1993;Sullivan, et al, 2002;Sullivan, Rosenbloom, & Pfefferbaum, 2000;Townshend & Duka, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alcohol and combined marijuana and alcohol use during adolescence on hippocampal volume and asymmetry

Medina

Schweinsburg

Cohen-Zion

et al. 2007

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

239

191

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Background-Converging lines of evidence suggest that the hippocampus may be particularly vulnerable to deleterious effects of alcohol and marijuana use, especially during adolescence. The goal of this study was to examine hippocampal volume and asymmetry in adolescent users of alcohol and marijuana.Methods-Participants were adolescent (aged 15-18) alcohol (ALC) users (n=16), marijuana and alcohol (MJ+ALC) users (n=26), and demographically similar controls (n=21). Extensive exclusionary criteria included prenatal toxic exposure, left handedness, and psychiatric and neurologic disorders. Substance use, cognitive, and anatomical measures were collected after at least 2 days of abstinence from all substances.Results-Adolescent ALC users demonstrated a significantly different pattern of hippocampal asymmetry (p<.05) and reduced left hippocampal volume (p<.05) compared to MJ+ALC users and non-using controls. Increased alcohol abuse/dependence severity was associated with increased right > left (R>L) asymmetry and smaller left hippocampal volumes while marijuana abuse/dependence was associated with increased L>R asymmetry and larger left hippocampal volumes. Although MJ +ALC users did not differ from controls in asymmetry, functional relationships with verbal learning were found only among controls, among whom greater right than left hippocampal volume was associated with superior performance (p<.05).Conclusions-Aberrations in hippocampal asymmetry and left hippocampal volumes were found for adolescent heavy drinkers. Further, the functional relationship between hippocampal asymmetry and verbal learning was abnormal among adolescent substance users compared to healthy controls. These findings suggest differential effects of alcohol and combined marijuana and alcohol use on hippocampal morphometry and the relationship between hippocampal asymmetry and verbal learning performance among adolescents.

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A volumetric MRI study of the hippocampus in type 1 and 2 alcoholism

Cited by 150 publications

References 52 publications

Association of Depressive Symptoms with Hippocampal Volume in 1936 Adults

Association of Depressive Symptoms with Hippocampal Volume in 1936 Adults

Decreased hippocampal N-acetylaspartate in the absence of atrophy in posttraumatic stress disorder

Effects of alcohol and combined marijuana and alcohol use during adolescence on hippocampal volume and asymmetry

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