Current dialysis systems are not perfect considering the low efficacy and cumbersome process of actual practice. To overcome these shortcomings, bioartificial kidneys using renal tubule cells and wearable dialysis are promising ESRD treatments available in the near future. Toward clinical application, however, there are so many obstacles for commercial use of them. In this review, current status of bioartificial kidneys such as the renal tubule cell assist device (RAD) and wearable dialysis devices is presented with the comparison to show the advantages and disadvantages.