A Wearable, Wireless Gaze Tracker with Integrated Selection Command Source for Human‐Computer Interaction

Abstract

A light-weight, wearable, wireless gaze tracker with integrated selection command source for human-computer interaction is introduced. The prototype system combines head-mounted, video-based gaze tracking with capacitive facial movement detection that enable multimodal interaction by gaze pointing and making selections with facial gestures. The system is targeted mainly to disabled people with limited mobility over their hands. The hardware was made wireless to remove the need to take off the device when moving away from the computer, and to allow future use in more mobile contexts. The algorithms responsible for determining the eye and head orientations to map gaze direction to on-screen coordinates are presented together with the one to detect movements from the measured capacitance signal. Point-and-click experiments were conducted to assess the performance of the multimodal system. The results show decent performance in laboratory and office conditions. The overall point-and-click accuracy in the multimodal experiments is comparable to the errors in previous research on head-mounted, single modality gaze tracking that does not compensate for changes in head orientation.

The effect of clicking by smiling on the accuracy of head-mounted gaze tracking

“…The video-based trackers can be categorized into head-mounted and remote trackers based on the location of their cameras. Head-mounted devices have had accuracies better than 2 • Ryan et al 2008;Rantanen et al 2011]. Similar degree of accuracy has been achieved with a single remote camera [Coutinho and Morimoto 2010].…”

“…Our prototype system has a similar design as previous headmounted prototype systems [Barreto et al 2000;Ryan et al 2008;Franchak et al 2010;Rantanen et al 2011]. The constructed prototype device is seen in Figure 1.…”

Human Computer Interaction Research Through the Lens of a Bibliometric Analysis

“…Our analysis did not highlight any novel HCI approach but rather adds emphasis on well-document HCI sub-fields and research interests like gaze-tracking (Rantanen et al, 2011), face-recognition and affective computing (Kächele et al, 2015;Schels et al, 2014) and in more recent studies the utilization of sensors (Palacios, Sagués, et al, 2013) and wearables (Rantanen et al, 2011).…”

Robust Real-Time Gradient-based Eye Detection and Tracking Using Transform Domain and PSO-Based Feature Selection

“…In these systems, face detection and eye tracking has emerged as a remarkable research area with a diverse set of applications including human computer interaction, mobile interfaces, psychological disorder diagnosis, neurology and ophthalmology, assistive systems for drivers or disabled people, and biometrics [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”