A Wearable Wrist Band-Type System for Multimodal Biometrics Integrated with Multispectral Skin Photomatrix and Electrocardiogram Sensors

Abstract

Multimodal biometrics are promising for providing a strong security level for personal authentication, yet the implementation of a multimodal biometric system for practical usage need to meet such criteria that multimodal biometric signals should be easy to acquire but not easily compromised. We developed a wearable wrist band integrated with multispectral skin photomatrix (MSP) and electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors to improve the issues of collectability, performance and circumvention of multimodal biometric authentication. The band was designed to ensure collectability by sensing both MSP and ECG easily and to achieve high authentication performance with low computation, efficient memory usage, and relatively fast response. Acquisition of MSP and ECG using contact-based sensors could also prevent remote access to personal data. Personal authentication with multimodal biometrics using the integrated wearable wrist band was evaluated in 150 subjects and resulted in 0.2% equal error rate (EER) and 100% detection probability at 1% FAR (false acceptance rate) (PD.1), which is comparable to other state-of-the-art multimodal biometrics. An additional investigation with a separate MSP sensor, which enhanced contact with the skin, along with ECG reached 0.1% EER and 100% PD.1, showing a great potential of our in-house wearable band for practical applications. The results of this study demonstrate that our newly developed wearable wrist band may provide a reliable and easy-to-use multimodal biometric solution for personal authentication.

Cancelable ECG Biometrics Using Compressive Sensing-Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test

“…Our proposed schemes could provide secure ECG biometrics to the cases with limited access to others' ECG data or with limited computation power and memory. Examples are low-cost wearable bands with ECG sensors such as [18] or other recently commercialized wearable bands/sensors. We, along with other researchers, have showed that it is possible to achieve state-of-the-art authentication performance (0.1% EER) with multimodal biometrics using ECG and MSP (multispectral skin photomatrix) by storing all user information [18].…”

“…Examples are low-cost wearable bands with ECG sensors such as [18] or other recently commercialized wearable bands/sensors. We, along with other researchers, have showed that it is possible to achieve state-of-the-art authentication performance (0.1% EER) with multimodal biometrics using ECG and MSP (multispectral skin photomatrix) by storing all user information [18]. Since our proposed methods yielded comparable performance to the baseline ECG biometrics, it seems possible for our proposed cancelable biometrics methods to achieve similar state-of-the-art authentication performance in a secure way.…”

“…There have been recent works on ECG biometrics for wearable devices in terms of wearable ECG band development [13], low power circuit design [14], and light-weight authentication algorithm [15]. ECG has also been investigated as part of multimodal biometric systems with fingerprint/face [16], voice [17] or sub-skin structure [18].…”