A Weighty Matter: Can PUFAs in Pregnancy Prevent Obesity?

Albert, Benjamin B.; Cutfield, Wayne S.

doi:10.2337/dbi17-0051

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Indeed, a recent meta‐analysis of 11 RCTs (involving measures of adiposity that include BMI and/or body fat in 3,644 children) indicated that maternal supplementation with n‐3 long‐chain PUFA (and reducing the ratio of n‐6/n‐3 fatty acids) during pregnancy does not have a beneficial effect on adiposity development in the offspring 112 . As pointed out by Albert and Cutfield, 113 these trials were conducted predominantly in normal‐weight women and supplemented long‐chain n‐3 PUFAs in the form of fish or algal oils using a wide range of doses, and in one trial, the intervention also included advice to restrict dietary n‐6 PUFAs 109 …”

Section: Ratio Of N‐6 To N‐3 Pufa: Impact On Body Composition and Carmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyunsaturated fatty acids as modulators of fat mass and lean mass in human body composition regulation and cardiometabolic health

Monnard

Dulloo

2021

Obesity Reviews

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It is now recognized that the amount and type of dietary fat consumed play an important role in metabolic health. In humans, high intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been associated with reductions in cardiovascular disease risk, improvements in glucose homeostasis, and changes in body composition that involve reductions in central adiposity and, more recently, increases in lean body mass. There is also emerging evidence, which suggests that high intakes of the plant-based essential fatty acids (ePUFAs)-n-6 linoleic acid (LA) and n-3 α-linolenic acid (ALA)-have a greater impact on body composition (fat mass and lean mass) and on glucose homeostasis than the marine-derived long-chain n-3 PUFA-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). In addition, high intake of both ePUFAs (LA and ALA) may also have anti-inflammatory effects in humans. The purpose of this review is to highlight the emerging evidence, from both epidemiological prospective studies and clinical intervention trials, of a role for PUFA, in particular ePUFA, in the longterm regulation of body weight and body composition, and their impact on cardiometabolic health. It also discusses current notions about the mechanisms by which PUFAs modulate fat mass and lean mass through altered control of energy intake, thermogenesis, or lean-fat partitioning.

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Section: Ratio Of N‐6 To N‐3 Pufa: Impact On Body Composition and Carmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyunsaturated fatty acids as modulators of fat mass and lean mass in human body composition regulation and cardiometabolic health

Monnard

Dulloo

2021

Obesity Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Ernährungsmanagement vor und während Schwangerschaft sowie nach Geburt

Müller¹,

Bosy‐Westphal²

2022

Praxisbuch Adipositas in Der Geburtshilfe

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Maternal Lipids and Fetal Overgrowth: Making Fat from Fat

Barbour

Hernandez

2018

Clinical Therapeutics

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There is increasing recognition that maternal glucose concentrations lower than those previously used for diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and targeted for treatment can result in excess fetal growth. Yet, mothers with GDM who appear to have optimal glycemic control and mothers with obesity and normal glucose tolerance still have a significantly increased risk for delivering infants who are large for gestational age, or even more importantly, who have increased adiposity at birth. What is less appreciated is that in addition to glucose, maternal lipids are also substrates for fetal fat accretion and that placental lipases can hydrolyze maternal triglycerides (TGs) to free fatty acids for fetal-placental availability. Maternal TG levels are 40% to 50% higher on average in mothers with obesity and GDM compared to those in normal-weight mothers early in pregnancy and are sustained at higher levels throughout gestation. Increasing evidence supports that maternal TG, both fasting and postprandial, are also predictors of newborn adiposity (newborn %fat), a risk factor for childhood obesity, and that early exposure is at least as strong of a risk factor as later exposure in mothers with obesity. In the setting of maternal nutrient excess and maternal insulin resistance, which lead to fetal hyperinsulinemia, excess free fatty acid exposure in the fetus may result in lipid storage and fetal fat development in subcutaneous and possibly other depots. In this commentary, we provide further evidence to make a case for targeting maternal fasting and postprandial TG in mothers with obesity who have elevated TG in early pregnancy to determine whether a TG-lowering interventional approach might limit fetal overgrowth and potentially mitigate the intrauterine contribution to childhood obesity and metabolic disease.

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A Weighty Matter: Can PUFAs in Pregnancy Prevent Obesity?

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Polyunsaturated fatty acids as modulators of fat mass and lean mass in human body composition regulation and cardiometabolic health

Polyunsaturated fatty acids as modulators of fat mass and lean mass in human body composition regulation and cardiometabolic health

Ernährungsmanagement vor und während Schwangerschaft sowie nach Geburt

Maternal Lipids and Fetal Overgrowth: Making Fat from Fat

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