A Western dietary pattern is associated with higher blood pressure in Iranian adolescents

Hojhabrimanesh, Abdollah; Akhlaghi, Masoumeh; Rahmani, Elham; Amanat, Sasan; Atefi, Masoumeh; Najafi, Maryam; Hashemzadeh, Maral; Salehi, Saedeh; Faghih, Shiva

doi:10.1007/s00394-015-1090-z

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In contrast with other studies, no differences were found regarding metabolic variables. However, those previous studies considered fried snacks and candies [49], or western dietary patterns [50][51][52][53][54]. As for anthropometry, no differences were observed between the different EDSF CF groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Energy Dense Salty Food Consumption Frequency Is Associated with Diastolic Hypertension in Spanish Children

et al. 2020

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High blood pressure (BP) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and sodium consumption is related to high BP. Moreover, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) influence BP. For this reason, we investigated whether: 1) children with risk of elevated BP had a higher consumption frequency (CF) of energy-dense salty foods (EDSF), high-sugary foods (HSF) and SSB or a low DASH score; and 2) children with a higher CF of EDSF showed a worse anthropometric and metabolic profile. Anthropometry, BP and general biochemical parameters were measured in 687 Spanish children (5-16 years) with normal or excess weight. A food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate EDSF, HSF and SSB consumption, and modified DASH score. Results showed that sex and pubertal stage influenced modified DASH score. Diastolic hypertension was associated to higher CF of EDSF in the whole sample and to higher CF of SSB in pubertal children, both independently of nutritional status. In addition, CF of EDSF was positively associated with CF of HSF and SSB and inversely associated with modified DASH score. Targeted policies and intervention programs, specific for different age ranges, should be established that aim to reduce salt consumption from snacks and processed foods, which could reduce HSF and SSB consumption as well.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Energy Dense Salty Food Consumption Frequency Is Associated with Diastolic Hypertension in Spanish Children

et al. 2020

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“…In contrast, a negative correlation was found for the prudent dietary pattern (r −576 P < 0•01). Hojhabrimanesh et al (31) also observed a significantly higher mean WC among individuals in the highest tertile of the Western pattern.…”

Section: Dietary Pattern and Bmi And Waist Circumferencementioning

confidence: 89%

“…The selected studies were conducted in Australia (22,23) , America (24)(25)(26)(27)(28) , Asia (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36) , Europe (37)(38)(39) and Africa (40) . Most were cross-sectional studies, and only two were cohort studies.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measures of BP and its association with dietary patterns were tested by six cross-sectional studies. Hojhabrimanesh et al (31) , in an analysis of a sample of 557 Iranian adolescents, found that the multivariable adjusted means of the systolic BP (SBP) and mean arterial pressure of subjects in the highest tertile of the 'Western' pattern score were significantly higher than those in the lowest tertile (for SBP: mean difference 6•9 mmHg, P = 0•001; and for mean BP: mean difference 4•2 mmHg, P = 0•003). After stratification for sex and age, the mean values of SBP, diastolic BP (DBP) and mean BP of 12-15-year-old male subjects in the highest tertile of the 'Western' pattern score were significantly higher than those in the lowest tertile (SBP: mean difference 14•5 mmHg, P = 0•001; for DBP: mean difference 6•5 mmHg, P = 0•015; and for mean BP: mean difference 9•2 mmHg, P < 0•001).…”

Section: Dietary Patterns and Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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This study systematised and synthesised the results of observational studies that were aimed at supporting the association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors among adolescents. Relevant scientific articles were searched in PUBMED, EMBASE, SCIENCE DIRECT, LILACS, WEB OF SCIENCE and SCOPUS. Observational studies that included the measurement of any CMR factor in healthy adolescents and dietary patterns were included. The search strategy retained nineteen articles for qualitative analysis. Among retained articles, the effects of dietary pattern on the means of BMI (n 18), waist circumference (WC) (n 9), systolic blood pressure (n 7), diastolic blood pressure (n 6), blood glucose (n 5) and lipid profile (n 5) were examined. Systematised evidence showed that an unhealthy dietary pattern appears to be associated with poor mean values of CMR factors among adolescents. However, evidence of a protective effect of healthier dietary patterns in this group remains unclear. Considering the number of studies with available information, a meta-analysis of anthropometric measures showed that dietary patterns characterised by the highest intake of unhealthy foods resulted in a higher mean BMI (0·57 kg/m²; 95 % CI 0·51, 0·63) and WC (0·57 cm; 95 % CI 0·47, 0·67) compared with low intake of unhealthy foods. Controversially, patterns characterised by a low intake of healthy foods were associated with a lower mean BMI (-0·41 kg/m²; 95 % CI -0·46,-0·36) and WC (-0·43 cm; 95 % CI -0·52,-0·33). An unhealthy dietary pattern may influence markers of CMR among adolescents, but considering the small number and limitations of the studies included, further studies are warranted to strengthen the evidence of this relation.

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“…There are several reasonable explanations which create a link between diet patterns and chronic diseases risk. There is convincing evidence that dietary habits can affect cardio-metabolic risk factors including blood pressure (62,63) , lipid profile (64) , insulin resistance (65) , endothelial function (66) , oxidative stress (67) and systemic inflammation (68) . In addition, a recent meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies suggested that higher adherence to healthy dietary patterns may decrease the risk of central fatness (69) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns and the risk of chronic disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies

et al. 2020

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We aimed to fully review the association of empirical dietary patterns with the risk of noncommunicable chronic diseases and to rate the quality of the evidence. Published meta-analyses of observational studies investigating the association of empirically-derived dietary patterns with the risk of chronic diseases were identified by searching PubMed and Scopus till September, 2019. Two independent reviewers extracted the information and rated the quality of the evidence by NutriGrade score. For each meta-analysis, cross-sectional and case-control studies were excluded and then, summary relative risk (SRR) was recalculated by using a random-effects model. Sixteen meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies, reporting 18 SRRs for healthy dietary patterns and 16 SRRs for unhealthy patterns obtained from 116 primary prospective cohort studies with 4.8 million participants, were included. There was moderate quality of evidence for the inverse association of healthy dietary patterns with the risk of type 2 diabetes, fracture, and colorectal and breast cancers. There was also low quality evidence for the inverse relation between healthy dietary patterns and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, depression, and coronary heart and respiratory diseases. There was moderate quality of evidence for a positive association between unhealthy dietary patterns and the risk of type 2 diabetes, fracture, and metabolic syndrome. Adopting a healthy dietary pattern may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and premature death. More research is needed for outcomes for which the quality of the evidence was rated low, such as respiratory disease, mental illness, and site-specific cancers.

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A Western dietary pattern is associated with higher blood pressure in Iranian adolescents

Abstract: Background: Studies have shown that pre/postnatal undernutrition leads to higher risk of non communicable diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and obesity in adulthood.

Cited by 36 publications

References 64 publications

Energy Dense Salty Food Consumption Frequency Is Associated with Diastolic Hypertension in Spanish Children

Energy Dense Salty Food Consumption Frequency Is Associated with Diastolic Hypertension in Spanish Children

Dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis

Healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns and the risk of chronic disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies

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