A Whole Food Plant-Based Diet Is Effective for Weight Loss: The Evidence

Greger, Michael

doi:10.1177/1559827620912400

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…On a nutritional level, a vegetable-based diet, in addition to a facilitated weight loss, thanks to its lower calorie content, caused by a greater difficulty in "extracting" calories, promotes satiety, mitigates glycemic impact, activates the ileal brake and provides prebiotics to the intestinal microbiome. Moreover, the above said diet has the potential to treat and promote the improvement of chronic diseases related to obesity, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis [ 48 ] and diabetes [ 49 ].…”

Section: Polyphenols and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-Derived Antioxidants and Their Role in Inflammation, Obesity and Gut Microbiota Modulation

et al. 2021

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It is generally accepted that gut microbiota, inflammation and obesity are linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases and other chronic/non-communicable pathological conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and ageing-related disorders. In this scenario, oxidative stress plays a pivotal role. Evidence suggests that the global dietary patterns may represent a tool in counteracting oxidative stress, thus preventing the onset of diseases related to oxidative stress. More specifically, dietary patterns based on the regular consumption of fruits and vegetables (i.e., Mediterranean diet) have been licensed by various national nutritional guidelines in many countries for their health-promoting effects. Such patterns, indeed, result in being rich in specific components, such as fiber, minerals, vitamins and antioxidants, whose beneficial effects on human health have been widely reported. This suggests a potential nutraceutical power of specific dietary components. In this manuscript, we summarize the most relevant evidence reporting the impact of dietary antioxidants on gut microbiota composition, inflammation and obesity, and we underline that antioxidants are implicated in a complex interplay between gut microbiota, inflammation and obesity, thus suggesting their possible role in the development and modulation of chronic diseases related to oxidative stress and in the maintenance of wellness. Do all roads lead to Rome?

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Section: Polyphenols and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-Derived Antioxidants and Their Role in Inflammation, Obesity and Gut Microbiota Modulation

et al. 2021

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“…Fructans are compounds acting as prebiotics, i.e., non-digestible food ingredients neither metabolized nor absorbed while passing through the upper gastrointestinal tract and fermented by bacteria in the colon. They include fructo-oligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides, lactulose and large polysaccharides (inulin, resistant starches, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and gum) [ 135 , 136 ]. Diets rich in fructans might improve glucose metabolism in T2D also via decreased intake and intestinal absorption of food, adding to modifications of gut microbiota [ 137 , 138 ].…”

Section: Nutritional Supplements For Metabolic Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Present Knowledge and Remaining Challenges

et al. 2021

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Unhealthy behaviours, including diet and physical activity, coupled with genetic predisposition, drive type 2 diabetes (T2D) occurrence and severity; the present review aims to summarise the most recent nutritional approaches in T2D, outlining unmet needs. Guidelines consistently suggest reducing energy intake to counteract the obesity epidemic, frequently resulting in sarcopenic obesity, a condition associated with poorer metabolic control and cardiovascular disease. Various dietary approaches have been proposed with largely similar results, with a preference for the Mediterranean diet and the best practice being the diet that patients feel confident of maintaining in the long term based on individual preferences. Patient adherence is indeed the pivotal factor for weight loss and long-term maintenance, requiring intensive lifestyle intervention. The consumption of nutritional supplements continues to increase even if international societies do not support their systematic use. Inositols and vitamin D supplementation, as well as micronutrients (zinc, chromium, magnesium) and pre/probiotics, result in modest improvement in insulin sensitivity, but their use is not systematically suggested. To reach the desired goals, patients should be actively involved in the collaborative development of a personalised meal plan associated with habitual physical activity, aiming at normal body weight and metabolic control.

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“…This dietary pattern restricts added sugars, refined grains, sweetened beverages, fast foods, calorie-dense snacks, and high-fat processed foods and includes fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole-grains along with well-structured meal frequencies [ 6 , 44 , 46 ]. The weight-related benefits rising from plant-based diets are attributable to a reduced caloric intake and an increase in postprandial energy expenditure by a higher thermogenic response [ 47 , 48 ]. Additionally, whole food plant-based diets lead to favorable changes in cardio-metabolic and digestive health, which are both associated with further weight-related advantages as well [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Strategies For the Prevention And Treatment Of Childhood Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Childhood Obesity—Time to Shift from Generalized to Personalized Intervention Strategies

et al. 2021

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As a major public health concern, childhood obesity is a multifaceted and multilevel metabolic disorder influenced by genetic and behavioral aspects. While genetic risk factors contribute to and interact with the onset and development of excess body weight, available evidence indicates that several modifiable obesogenic behaviors play a crucial role in the etiology of childhood obesity. Although a variety of systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported the effectiveness of several interventions in community-based, school-based, and home-based programs regarding childhood obesity, the prevalence of children with excess body weight remains high. Additionally, researchers and pediatric clinicians are often encountering several challenges and the characteristics of an optimal weight management strategy remain controversial. Strategies involving a combination of physical activity, nutritional, and educational interventions are likely to yield better outcomes compared to single-component strategies but various prohibitory limitations have been reported in practice. This review seeks to (i) provide a brief overview of the current preventative and therapeutic approaches towards childhood obesity, (ii) discuss the complexity and limitations of research in the childhood obesity area, and (iii) suggest an Etiology-Based Personalized Intervention Strategy Targeting Childhood Obesity (EPISTCO). This purposeful approach includes prioritized nutritional, educational, behavioral, and physical activity intervention strategies directly based on the etiology of obesity and interpretation of individual characteristics.

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A Whole Food Plant-Based Diet Is Effective for Weight Loss: The Evidence

Cited by 33 publications

References 107 publications

Diet-Derived Antioxidants and Their Role in Inflammation, Obesity and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Diet-Derived Antioxidants and Their Role in Inflammation, Obesity and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Nutrition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Present Knowledge and Remaining Challenges

Management of Childhood Obesity—Time to Shift from Generalized to Personalized Intervention Strategies

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