A Wide-Angle Scanning Sub-Terahertz Leaky-Wave Antenna Based on a Multilayer Dielectric Image Waveguide

Abstract

This paper presents a new layered dielectric leaky-wave antenna (LWA) for the sub-terahertz (THz) frequency range capable of efficient operation at the broadside with a wide beam scanning angle and stable gain. It consists of a conductor-backed alumina dielectric image line (DIL) with two different dielectric layers mounted on top of each other for performance improvement. The upper layer is a high permittivity RO6010 substrate to enhance the directivity as a superstrate and the lower layer is a low-permittivity RT/duroid 5880 substrate stacked on the alumina DIL to prevent the probable excitation of higher-order modes in the DIL channel. A 15-element linear array of radiating overlapped discs is used to mitigate the open stop-band (OSB) problem, fed by the mentioned waveguide, was designed and simulated at frequencies around 170 GHz. The dominant mode of the layered dielectric waveguide is perturbed by the infinite space harmonics generated by two sets of overlapped discs periodically sandwiched between the layers. It exhibited a relatively wide impedance bandwidth of 28.19% (157.5–206 GHz). Its radiation mechanism has been widely studied through simulations. The results revealed that the antenna provides a wide scanning capability through the broadside from −23° to 38°, covering the frequency range between 157.5 GHz and 201.5 GHz. For an array with 15 radiating elements, the simulated peak gain in the band is 15 dBi and the broadside gain is 13.6 dBi at 172 GHz.

Design and fabrication of waveguide‐based graded refractive index Rotman lens with an improved insertion loss at Ka‐band

“…As each additional layer is added to the lens, 7 unknown parameters are introduced for each focal point, and 7 geometrical equations are required Equations (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Thus, for three focal points, 21 new unknowns and 21 new equations are generated.…”

“…Among different beamforming techniques [16], because of the commercial application and its constraints, researchers have recently focused on lens antennas as a BFNs with multiple beams, including Rotman lens antennas [9][10][11][12] Maxwell fish-eye lens antennas, and Luneburg lens antennas [15]. Rotman Lens is an excellent candidate for beamforming in these applications due to its low-profile size, low cost, multi-beam capabilities [17], wide bandwidth, ease of integration with different antennas [18][19][20][21], and beam control circuitry.…”

Reconfigurable Liquid Crystal Dielectric Image Line Leaky Wave Antenna at W-Band

“…The DIL topology has been used to create LWAs of different permittivity with different scanning capabilities at various frequencies [16], [20], [30]- [35]. A rectangular DIL with fixed aspect ratio of a = 2 • b, where a denotes its width and b its height, operates in single mode with good confinement of the field if…”

Design and analysis antennas of transverse polarization on the dielectric waveguide

“…The presence of grooves in the dielectric simplifies the fabrication process for antennas, making them cost-effective to manufacture. On the other hand, the use of quarter-wavelength cylindrical pins allows for higher directivity, resulting in a more focused beam and increased gain [53][54][55]. The presence of quarter-wavelength pins enables control over beam steering and shaping, allowing for flexibility in directing the antenna's radiation.…”