A widespread family of bacterial cell wall assembly proteins

Kawai, Yoshikazu; Marles‐Wright, Jon; Cleverley, Robert M.; Emmins, Robyn; Ishikawa, Shu; Kuwano, Masayoshi; Heinz, Nadja; Bui, Nhat Khai; Hoyland, C.N.; Ogasawara, Nagahisa; Lewis, Richard J.; Vollmer, Waldemar; Daniel, Richard A.; Errington, Jeff

doi:10.1038/emboj.2011.358

Cited by 232 publications

(361 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…c-proteobacteria, the yjeE locus is closely linked to genes encoding proteins with potential functions in DNA repair and peptidoglycan remodelling, which is consistent with a role for YjeE in stress tolerance and cell envelope biogenesis (Handford et al, 2009;Teplyakov et al, 2002 Kawai et al, 2011;Over et al, 2011;Wen et al, 2006). This highly conserved genetic linkage, along with the characteristic phenotypes of the BrpB-deficient mutants, all support a role for BrpB and its streptococcal homologues in cell wall biogenesis/homeostasis.…”

Section: Ua159mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…mutans species are the only streptococci lacking the acyltransferase locus, a likely result of genetic deletions during the evolutionary processes and an attributing factor to the presence of a large intergenic region between brpA and brpB (Bitoun et al, 2012a). Unlike streptococci, however, no such linkage could be identified between the loci for YjeE (or YdiB for B. subtilis) homologues and the genes for any LCP proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, B. subtilis and other Gram-positive bacteria (Eberhardt et al, 2012;Johnsborg & Håvarstein, 2009;Kawai et al, 2011;Over et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deficiency of BrpB causes major defects in cell division, stress responses and biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans

et al. 2014

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Streptococcus mutans, the primary aetiological agent of dental caries, possesses an YjeE-like protein that is encoded by locus SMU.409, herein designated brpB. In this study, a BrpBdeficient mutant, JB409, and a double mutant deficient of BrpB and BrpA (a paralogue of the LytR-CpsA-Psr family of cell wall-associated proteins), JB819, were constructed and characterized using function assays and microscopy analysis. Both JB409 and JB819 displayed extended lag phases and drastically slowed growth rates during growth in brain heart infusion medium as compared to the wild-type, UA159. Relative to UA159, JB409 and JB819 were more than 60-and 10-fold more susceptible to acid killing at pH 2.8, and more than 1 and 2 logs more susceptible to hydrogen peroxide, respectively. Complementation of the deficient mutants with a wild-type copy of the respective gene(s) partly restored the acid and oxidative stress responses to a level similar to the wild-type. As compared to UA159, biofilm formation by JB409 and JB819 was drastically reduced (P,0.001), especially during growth in medium containing sucrose. Under a scanning electron microscope, JB409 had significantly more giant cells with an elongated, rod-like morphology, and JB819 formed marble-like super cells with apparent defects in cell division. As revealed by transmission electron microscopy analysis, BrpB deficiency in both JB409 and JB819 resulted in the development of low electron density patches and formation of a loose nucleoid structure. Taken together, these results suggest that BrpB likely functions together with BrpA in regulating cell envelope biogenesis/homeostasis in Strep. mutans. Further studies are under way to elucidate the mechanism that underlies the BrpA-and BrpB-mediated regulation.

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Section: Ua159mentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficiency of BrpB causes major defects in cell division, stress responses and biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans

et al. 2014

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“…Even the LSEI_0247 regulator, which belongs to the LytR-Cps2A-Psr (LCP) family and is described as a cell-enveloperelated transcriptional attenuator, is needed. In Bacillus subtilis, LCP molecules are required for transport of teichoic acids and capsular polysaccharides to the cell wall peptidoglycan (31). No mutant is available LSEI_0885, in the third gene predicted to be involved in teichoic acid export.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional genomics of Lactobacillus casei establishment in the gut

Licandro

Scornec

Pédron

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Although the composition of the gut microbiota and its symbiotic contribution to key host physiological functions are well established, little is known as yet about the bacterial factors that account for this symbiosis. We selected Lactobacillus casei as a model microorganism to proceed to genomewide identification of the functions required for a symbiont to establish colonization in the gut. As a result of our recent development of a transposonmutagenesis tool that overcomes the barrier that had prevented L. casei random mutagenesis, we developed a signature-tagged mutagenesis approach combining whole-genome reverse genetics using a set of tagged transposons and in vivo screening using the rabbit ligated ileal loop model. After sequencing transposon insertion sites in 9,250 random mutants, we assembled a library of 1,110 independent mutants, all disrupted in a different gene, that provides a representative view of the L. casei genome. By determining the relative quantity of each of the 1,110 mutants before and after the in vivo challenge, we identified a core of 47 L. casei genes necessary for its establishment in the gut. They are involved in housekeeping functions, metabolism (sugar, amino acids), cell wall biogenesis, and adaptation to environment. Hence we provide what is, to our knowledge, the first global functional genomics analysis of L. casei symbiosis.commensalism | Lactic acid bacteria T he pioneering studies that led to the characterization of the gut microbiota were reviewed in 2001 (1). These studies and recent investigations have revealed mutualistic functions (2), including a barrier effect against allogenic microbes (3), fermentation of complex sugars (4, 5), and maturation and homeostasis of the immune system (6). Recent metagenomic studies have revealed an extraordinary diversity of genes constituting the gut microbiome (7), opening the way to correlative studies linking microbiome diversity, homeostasis, and diseases (5,8,9).In parallel, some representative species, i.e., "model symbionts," now are being studied functionally (10). As it was done for pathogens, it is essential to develop the cellular microbiology of symbionts and particularly to identify the genes required for their establishment and persistence in the gut. Transcriptomic profiling identified up-regulated genes linked to metabolic functions, stress responses, and pili synthesis during early colonization (11-13). Comparative genomics among Lactobacilli identified strain-specific candidate genes for extended colonization: In Lactobacillus rhamnosus, persistence was attributed to an spaCBA locus encoding LPXTG-like pilins (14), and in Lactobacillus johnsonii it was attributed to specific glycosyltransferases, a phosphotransfer system, and a protease (15). Otherwise, a functional in vivo screening based on the expression of a genomic library of Bacteroides fragilis identified a locus encoding polysaccharide utilization as essential for stable colonization of murine colonic crypts (16). Alternatively, colonization of germ-free mic...

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“…Now that situation is changing, and there is a growing momentum to studies into their biosynthesis and their contributions to bacterial physiology (10,11,15). Further collaborations between biochemists, biophysicists, geneticists, microbiologists, and structural biologists will be needed to unravel the fine details of TA function.…”

Section: Reversing Resistance Can Prolong Antibiotic Utilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposing a chink in the armor of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Sutcliffe

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A widespread family of bacterial cell wall assembly proteins

Cited by 232 publications

References 69 publications

Deficiency of BrpB causes major defects in cell division, stress responses and biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans

Deficiency of BrpB causes major defects in cell division, stress responses and biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans

Functional genomics of Lactobacillus casei establishment in the gut

Exposing a chink in the armor of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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