Dry reforming of
biogas is referred as an attractive path for sustainable
H
2
production over decades. Meanwhile, in the Malaysian
context, the abundance of palm oil mill effluent (POME) produced annually
is deemed as a potential renewable source for renewable energy generation.
Conventionally, nickel (Ni) is the most common catalyst used in the
industrial-scale dry reforming of methane (DRM) to yield H
2
, but it is subject to the drawbacks of sintering and deactivation
after a long reaction time at high temperatures (>500 °C).
Therefore,
this work aims to provide an insight on the feasibility of the application
of modified Ni-based catalysts in DRM, specifically in the economic
and environmental aspects. From the benchmarking study of various
Ni-based catalysts (e.g., bimetallic (Ni-Ce/Al
2
O
3
), alumina support (Ni/Al
2
O
3
), protonated titanate
nanotube (Ni-HTNT), and unsupported), the Ni-MOF catalyst, notably,
had proven its prominence in both economic and environmental aspects
on the same basis of 10 tonnes of H
2
production. The MOF-based
catalyst not only possessed a better economic performance (net present
value 61.86%, 140%, and 563.08% higher than that of Ni-Ce/Al
2
O
3,
Ni/Al
2
O
3
, and Ni-HTNT) but also
had relatively lower carbon emissions (13.18%, 20.09%, and 75.72%
lower than that of Ni/Al
2
O
3
, Ni-HTNT, and unsupported
Ni). This work also accounted for 3D printing technology for the mass
production of Ni-MOF catalysts, where the net present value was 2
to 3% higher than that of the conventional production method. Additionally,
sensitivity analysis showed that the H
2
price has the greatest
impact on the feasibility of DRM as compared to other cost factors.