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Patnaik, Bijayananda; Nagpal, Pran N.; Namperumalsamy, P; Kalsi, Rajinder

doi:10.1016/s0896-1549(05)70081-x

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The definition and etiology of Eales' disease are not adequately established [2]. In recent years, clinical and basic research have provided significant clues to the understanding of the clinical features and etiology of Eales' disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eales' disease - current concepts in diagnosis and management

Biswas

Ravi

Naryanasamy

et al. 2013

J OPHTH INFLAMM INFECT

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Eales' disease, first described by the British ophthalmologist Henry Eales in 1880, is characterized by three overlapping stages of venous inflammation (vasculitis), occlusion, and retinal neovascularization. Diagnosis is mostly clinical and requires exclusion of other systemic or ocular conditions that could present with similar retinal features. In recent years, immunological, molecular biological, and biochemical studies have indicated the role of human leukocyte antigen, retinal autoimmunity, Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome, and free radical-mediated damage in the etiopathogenesis of this disease. However, its etiology appears to be multifactorial. The management depends on the stage of the disease and consists of medical treatment with oral corticosteroids in the active inflammatory stage and laser photocoagulation in the advanced retinal ischemia and neovascularization stages.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eales' disease - current concepts in diagnosis and management

Biswas

Ravi

Naryanasamy

et al. 2013

J OPHTH INFLAMM INFECT

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“…The etiology of Eales disease remains unknown [ 1 ]. Observational studies show a purported relationship between nonviable Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a reactive type of inflammation in the retina [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eales disease is an idiopathic retinal periphlebitis, usually manifesting in the form of a branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), which commonly affects the peripheral retina leading to complications of neovascularization, retinal detachment, and vitreous hemorrhage [ 1 ]. The disease is uncommon in North America but prevalent in the Indian, Asian, and Middle East territories, where tuberculosis infection rates are high [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Trouble: Eales Disease in a Background of Paradoxical Embolism

Horvath,

Aljameey,

Douglas

2023

Cureus

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Eales disease is an idiopathic retinal vasculitis that mainly affects the periphery of the retina. The disease commonly manifests as peripheral retinal perivasculitis, peripheral retinal capillary nonperfusion, neovascularization, and recurrent vitreous hemorrhage. Here, we present the case of a 36-year-old male who was diagnosed with Eales disease after presenting with sudden onset flashes of light, reduced visual acuity, and a black spot in his left eye. Upon examination, his left eye exhibited a superior non-foveal branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) with a sludged blood column, an old extramacular branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) with hemorrhage, and vascular sheathing. Initial laboratory investigations, including antibody testing for causes of retinal ischemia and stroke workup, were negative. Later, the patient presented with a BRAO in the right eye and a cerebral infarction shortly thereafter, further complicating his clinical picture. A diagnosis of Eales disease was made based on the evolution of retinal findings showing peripheral non-perfusion, vascular sheathing, collateral formation, neovascularization with leakage, absence of additional BRAOs following repair of his patent foramen ovale, and lack of other explanatory conditions. The initiation of systemic corticosteroids resulted in the improvement and stabilization of his vision. This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing Eales disease, underscoring the importance of timely identification for the appropriate management and prevention of vision loss.

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