ABA Biosynthesis and Signaling Cascades Under Hypoxia Stress

Wang, Qichao; Wang, Lei; Chandrasekaran, Umashankar; Luo, Xiaofeng; Zheng, Chuan; Shu, Kai

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.661228

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…For instance, using wild type and ABA-deficient tomato plants, [ 29 ] demonstrated that flooding reduced ABA content in wild type tomatoes and suggested that depletion of ABA serves as a positive signal that leads to the induction of several specific genetic and metabolic responses to flooding. Similar results have been reported in other plants including in Arabidopsis , soybeans, and tomato [ 42 , 80 – 84 ]. In contrast, an increase in ABA content and levels in response to flooding has been reported in leaves of alfalfa and pea [ 85 , 86 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Flooding and herbivory: the effect of concurrent stress factors on plant volatile emissions and gene expression in two heirloom tomato varieties

2022

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Background In nature and in cultivated fields, plants encounter multiple stress factors. Nonetheless, our understanding of how plants actively respond to combinatorial stress remains limited. Among the least studied stress combination is that of flooding and herbivory, despite the growing importance of these stressors in the context of climate change. We investigated plant chemistry and gene expression changes in two heirloom tomato varieties: Cherokee Purple (CP) and Striped German (SG) in response to flooding, herbivory by Spodoptera exigua, and their combination. Results Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) identified in tomato plants subjected to flooding and/or herbivory included several mono- and sesquiterpenes. Flooding was the main factor altering VOCs emission rates, and impacting plant biomass accumulation, while different varieties had quantitative differences in their VOC emissions. At the gene expression levels, there were 335 differentially expressed genes between the two tomato plant varieties, these included genes encoding for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamoyl-CoA-reductase-like, and phytoene synthase (Psy1). Flooding and variety effects together influenced abscisic acid (ABA) signaling genes with the SG variety showing higher levels of ABA production and ABA-dependent signaling upon flooding. Flooding downregulated genes associated with cytokinin catabolism and general defense response and upregulated genes associated with ethylene biosynthesis, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and gibberellin biosynthesis. Combining flooding and herbivory induced the upregulation of genes including chalcone synthase (CHS), PAL, and genes encoding BAHD acyltransferase and UDP-glucose iridoid glucosyltransferase-like genes in one of the tomato varieties (CP) and a disproportionate number of heat-shock proteins in SG. Only the SG variety had measurable changes in gene expression due to herbivory alone, upregulating zeatin, and O-glucosyltransferase and thioredoxin among others. Conclusion Our results suggest that both heirloom tomato plant varieties differ in their production of secondary metabolites including phenylpropanoids and terpenoids and their regulation and activation of ABA signaling upon stress associated with flooding. Herbivory and flooding together had interacting effects that were evident at the level of plant chemistry (VOCs production), gene expression and biomass markers. Results from our study highlight the complex nature of plant responses to combinatorial stresses and point at specific genes and pathways that are affected by flooding and herbivory combined.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Flooding and herbivory: the effect of concurrent stress factors on plant volatile emissions and gene expression in two heirloom tomato varieties

2022

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“…It was also documented that ALDH6 was upregulated in O. sativa treated with auxin and gibberellin ( Oguchi et al., 2004 ; Marchitti et al., 2008 ). A recent study indicated that hypoxia stress can led to the accumulation of ethylene, which may further regulate ABA catabolism to impact plant hypoxia tolerance ( Wang et al., 2021 ). In our study we determined that the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) was present in 14 out of 16 AtALDHs ( ALDH2B7, ALDH2C4, ALDH3F1, ALDH3H1, ALDH3I1, ALDH5F1, ALDH6B2, ALDH7B4, ALDH10A8, ALDH11A3, ALDH12A1, ALDH18B1, ALDH18B2, ALDH22A1 ), which can be induced by ABA in Arabidopsis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomic analysis of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene superfamily in Arabidopsis thaliana – searching for the functional key to hypoxia tolerance

Guan

Tanwar²,

Sobieszczuk‐Nowicka³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Flooding entails different stressful conditions leading to low oxygen availability for respiration and as a result plants experience hypoxia. Stress imposed by hypoxia affects cellular metabolism, including the formation of toxic metabolites that dramatically reduce crop productivity. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are a group of enzymes participating in various aspects of plant growth, development and stress responses. Although we have knowledge concerning the multiple functionalities of ALDHs in tolerance to various stresses, the engagement of ALDH in plant metabolism adjustment to hypoxia is poorly recognized. Therefore, we explored the ALDH gene superfamily in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Genome-wide analyses revealed that 16 AtALDH genes are organized into ten families and distributed irregularly across Arabidopsis 5 chromosomes. According to evolutionary relationship studies from different plant species, the ALDH gene superfamily is highly conserved. AtALDH2 and ALDH3 are the most numerous families in plants, while ALDH18 was found to be the most distantly related. The analysis of cis-acting elements in promoters of AtALDHs indicated that AtALDHs participate in responses to light, phytohormones and abiotic stresses. Expression profile analysis derived from qRT-PCR showed the AtALDH2B7, AtALDH3H1 and AtALDH5F1 genes as the most responsive to hypoxia stress. In addition, the expression of AtALDH18B1, AtALDH18B2, AtALDH2B4, and AtALDH10A8 was highly altered during the post-hypoxia-reoxygenation phase. Taken together, we provide comprehensive functional information on the ALDH gene superfamily in Arabidopsis during hypoxia stress and highlight ALDHs as a functional element of hypoxic systemic responses. These findings might help develop a framework for application in the genetic improvement of crop plants.

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“…However, among different abiotic factors, salt and heat-cold stresses are reported to have a relationship with ASR [56]. On the other hand, abscisic acid (ABA) seems to play a crucial role in coordination of various stress signals, both during water deficit and waterlogging [57].…”

Section: Global Proteome Analysis After 2xh Candidates For Priming An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Studies of Roots in Hypoxia-Sensitive and -Tolerant Tomato Accessions Reveal Candidate Proteins Associated with Stress Priming

Czernicka

Kęska

Planchon

et al. 2022

Cells

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Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a vegetable frequently exposed to hypoxia stress induced either by being submerged, flooded or provided with limited oxygen in hydroponic cultivation systems. The purpose of the study was to establish the metabolic mechanisms responsible for overcoming hypoxia in two tomato accessions with different tolerance to this stress, selected based on morphological and physiological parameters. For this purpose, 3-week-old plants (plants at the juvenile stage) of waterlogging-tolerant (WL-T), i.e., POL 7/15, and waterlogging-sensitive (WL-S), i.e., PZ 215, accessions were exposed to hypoxia stress (waterlogging) for 7 days, then the plants were allowed to recover for 14 days, after which another 7 days of hypoxia treatment was applied. Root samples were collected at the end of each time-point and 2D-DIGE with MALDI TOF/TOF, and expression analyses of gene and protein-encoded alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH2) and immunolabelling of ADH were conducted. After collating the obtained results, the different responses to hypoxia stress in the selected tomato accessions were observed. Both the WL-S and WL-T tomato accessions revealed a high amount of ADH2, which indicates an intensive alcohol fermentation pathway during the first exposure to hypoxia. In comparison to the tolerant one, the expression of the adh2 gene was about two times higher for the sensitive tomato. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the presence of ADH in the parenchyma cells of the cortex and vascular tissue. During the second hypoxia stress, the sensitive accession showed a decreased accumulation of ADH protein and similar expression of the adh2 gene in comparison to the tolerant accession. Additionally, the proteome showed a greater protein abundance of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in primed WL-S tomato. This could suggest that the sensitive tomato overcomes the oxygen limitation and adapts by reducing alcohol fermentation, which is toxic to plants because of the production of ethanol, and by enhancing glycolysis. Proteins detected in abundance in the sensitive accession are proposed as crucial factors for hypoxia stress priming and their function in hypoxia tolerance is discussed.

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ABA Biosynthesis and Signaling Cascades Under Hypoxia Stress

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

Flooding and herbivory: the effect of concurrent stress factors on plant volatile emissions and gene expression in two heirloom tomato varieties

Flooding and herbivory: the effect of concurrent stress factors on plant volatile emissions and gene expression in two heirloom tomato varieties

Comparative genomic analysis of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene superfamily in Arabidopsis thaliana – searching for the functional key to hypoxia tolerance

Proteomic Studies of Roots in Hypoxia-Sensitive and -Tolerant Tomato Accessions Reveal Candidate Proteins Associated with Stress Priming

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