Abandonment and intensified use of agricultural land decrease habitats of rare herbs in semi-natural grasslands

Uematsu, Yuta; Koga, Tatsuro; Mitsuhashi, Hiromune; Ushimaru, Atushi

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2009.10.010

Cited by 103 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…quirements and nutrient level at abandoned paddy terraces were very low (Bornette et al 1998). This might be accounted by diverse flora and the Red List species were recorded in abandoned paddy terraces (Uematsu et al 2010). Thus, keeping consistent shallow water level and low nutrients condition were important characteristics to allow abandoned paddy terraces to develop similar level of plant community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between early development of plant community and environmental condition in abandoned paddy terraces at mountainous valleys in Korea

Park¹,

Hong²,

Kim³

2013

J. Ecol. Environ.

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In Korea, many paddy fields in mountainous area have been abandoned because of their low accessibility and rice price and the abandoned paddy terraces have changed into natural lentic wetlands. To understand the relationship between characteristics of environmental conditions and early development of plant community in abandoned paddy terraces, we investigated at four well-maintained abandoned paddy terraces in 3 different climatic zones in Korea. Soil texture of abandoned paddy terraces was mostly kinds of loam and electric conductivity of soil was also similar among abandoned paddy terraces. On the other hand, contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, and calcium in soil were relatively low and significantly different among abandoned paddy terraces. Water depth was different within sites and inter-sites. Although environmental conditions including climate, soil condition and water depth were different among abandoned paddy terraces, the compositions of plant communities were relatively similar in all abandoned paddy terraces. 55 dominant taxa out of 141 recorded species were commonly recorded over sites and they were mostly perennial obligate wetland plants and facultative wetland plants. 8 taxa out of 55 dominant taxa were occurred at all abandoned paddy terraces with over 10% coverage. Several site-specific species were occurred at site, which have some area with deep water level. This result indicates that early development of plant community in abandoned paddy terraces of similar water regime is similar in the entire area of Korea even though environmental conditions such as climate, biogeographic history and soil are different.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between early development of plant community and environmental condition in abandoned paddy terraces at mountainous valleys in Korea

Park¹,

Hong²,

Kim³

2013

J. Ecol. Environ.

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“…4 Daily movement of three individual capitula from different rhizomes of Taraxacum japonicum from bud appearance to achene dispersal. Upright triangle capitulum at the green bud stage; circle capitulum at the yellow corolla stage; inverted triangle capitulum at the brown corolla stage; square capitulum at the white pappus stage historically been disturbed by livestock grazing (Kono 2009) and human mowing and fire (Uematsu et al 2010). Large livestock, particularly cattle, were used in farming in Western Japan until several decades ago (Kono 2009).…”

Section: Lying In Japanese Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capitulum and rosette leaf avoidance from grazing by large herbivores in Taraxacum

Fujita

Koda

2015

Ecological Research

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Plants defense against herbivore damage is achieved through resistance and tolerance, of which resistance is composed of avoidance and antibiosis. Plants have developed various adaptations that facilitate escape from herbivory. We hypothesized that post-anthesis prostrate scapes in Taraxacum is an adaptation for avoidance of capitulum grazing by large herbivores. To test this hypothesis, we divided flowering into the following four stages based on the external appearance of the capitulum: green bud, yellow corolla, brown corolla, and white pappus stages. We conducted an experiment in natural pasture in Mongolia to artificially raise capitula and rosette leaves of T. collinum. We measured the natural height of capitula and rosette leaves of the Mongolian pasture and urban species, T. collinum and T. ceratophorum, respectively, and of the Japanese rural and exotic urban species, T. japonicum and T. officinale, respectively. We investigated natural grazing by livestock in the field of the capitula and rosette leaves of the two Mongolian species. In Mongolia, naturally short capitula at the green bud and brown corolla stages and rosette leaves of T. collinum were not grazed. However, artificially raised capitula and rosette leaves of T. collinum and the naturally high capitula and leaves of T. ceratophorum were grazed. Short capitulum and leaf height was shown to be effective for avoidance of livestock grazing in Mongolia. In Japan, T. japonicum and T. officinale showed similar scape behavior to T. collinum and T. ceratophorum, respectively. We discuss the reasons for the capitulum behavior differences in Japan.

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“…Knowledge about the responses of fauna and flora to habitat transformation is therefore a key issue in the conservation of species that occur within heterogeneous landscapes (Uematsu et al 2010;López-Arévalo et al 2011). However, understanding and predicting the mechanisms behind those responses still present a major challenge for biologists (Bernard and Fenton 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the growing demands of a rapidly increasing human population, several natural ecosystems have been converted to agricultural landscapes (Robinson and Sutherland 2002;Kunz et al 2011), often at the expense of biodiversity (Mickleburgh et al 2002;Uematsu et al 2010). These landscapes are usually characterized by high spatial heterogeneity, forming mosaics of crop fields, pastures and remnant natural patches (Duchamp and Swihart 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mosaic of opportunities? Spatio-temporal patterns of bat diversity and activity in a strongly humanized Mediterranean wetland

et al. 2014

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The Baixo Vouga Lagunar (BVL) landscape, in the Portuguese central-west coast, harbours a mosaic of wetland habitat types, interspersed by intensive and extensive agricultural fields, pastures, production forests and urban areas. In this study, we aimed to determine the species composition and the structure of the bat assemblages of the different habitats that constitute this heterogeneous landscape and to investigate seasonal changes in the patterns of bat diversity and activity across habitats. We acoustically sampled bats across 24 sampling sites representative of the eight main habitat types that shape the landscape-Bocage, forests, maize fields, marshlands, reed beds, rice fields, sea rushes and urban settlements. We compared bat richness, diversity and evenness across habitat types and seasons. We analysed habitat-specific and season-specific overall bat activity, and because habitat selection by bats is known to reflect morphological characters, foraging strategies and echolocation call structures, we also analysed the activity of individual species and of ecomorphological guilds. From 1,544 bat-passes recorded, we identified 12 species. Pipistrellus pygmaeus, Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Eptesicus serotinus/Eptesicus isabellinus were the most frequently recorded. Species composition and activity were similar across habitats, whilst exhibiting strong seasonal dynamics within habitats. Our results suggest that the mosaicism of the landscape provides several opportunities for bats, enabling them to explore different resources in distinct habitat patches. However, it may also reflect a forced exploitation of less optimal habitats and resources by bats, due to the scarcity of opportunities provided by fragmented landscapes.

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Abandonment and intensified use of agricultural land decrease habitats of rare herbs in semi-natural grasslands

Cited by 103 publications

References 33 publications

Relationship between early development of plant community and environmental condition in abandoned paddy terraces at mountainous valleys in Korea

Relationship between early development of plant community and environmental condition in abandoned paddy terraces at mountainous valleys in Korea

Capitulum and rosette leaf avoidance from grazing by large herbivores in Taraxacum

A mosaic of opportunities? Spatio-temporal patterns of bat diversity and activity in a strongly humanized Mediterranean wetland

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