ABC-model for interpretation of internal quantum efficiency and its droop in III-nitride LEDs: a review

Determination of recombination coefficients in InGaN quantum-well light-emitting diodes by small-signal time-resolved photoluminescence

“…2,11) In this model, assuming an injection efficiency of 100% (i.e. in the absence of electron and hole leakage from the active region), the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of an LED is given by:…”

“…Here, Q = B/(AC) 1/2 is the so-called quality factor 11) which is a dimensionless combination of the recombination coefficients relevant to the maximum value of internal 2/14 quantum efficiency IQE max = EQE max /η = Q/(Q + 2). It is important that both values, EQE max and P m , can be derived directly from the measured EQE dependence on the LED operating current.…”

Comparison of electrical, thermal, and optical characteristics of high-power LEDs operating in various spectral ranges: From UV to green

“…Alternative mechanisms have been suggested to explain the 'green gap', invoking (i) reduction of the overlap of electron and hole wave functions because of polarization fields and (ii) increase of defect density in the quantum wells (QWs) with high indium content necessary for green light emission. Nevertheless, these mechanisms could not completely interpret all the available observation relevant to this problem [5].…”

Efficiency of True-Green Light Emitting Diodes: Non-Uniformity and Temperature Effects<strong> </strong>

“…attribute the low-current EQE peak to the sw-emission and high-current one to the lw-emission, re- to peak at a certain single value of the output power [18]. However, the model can be modified assuming the positions in top and bottom QWs.…”

“…where Q k is the quality factor [18] of the k-th SR, two spectral peaks occurs in a rather narrow range of the output power. In most of cases the switching 238 could be well approximated by a simple "transition function"…”