ABC of AIDS: Treatment of infections

Cerebral toxoplasmosis treated with clindamycin alone in an HIV-positive patient allergic to sulfonamides

“…For maintenance treatment of HIV-infected patients, continuation of the acute therapeutic regimen is suggested. 2,5,8 In AIDS patients with toxoplasma encephalitis, radiological improvement is seen in most of the patients after two to three weeks of treatment. Complete resolution takes from six weeks to six months.…”

“…The agents of choice are sulfadiazine with pyrimethamine; patients who are unable to tolerate sulfonamides can be treated with a combination of clindamycin and pyrimethamine. 2,5,8,9 Therapy in this patient was started with clindamycin alone because the patient was allergic to sulfonamides and pyrimethamine is not available for therapeutic use in Turkey. According to the literature no case has been treated successfully with clindamycin alone.…”

“…More than 95% of these cases are due to reactivation of a chronic latent infection. 2,[5][6][7] The mainstay of treatment for toxoplasma encephalitis is combination therapy. The agents of choice are sulfadiazine with pyrimethamine; patients who are unable to tolerate sulfonamides can be treated with a combination of clindamycin and pyrimethamine.…”

Synthesis and Evaluation of 4-Acyl-2-thiazolylhydrazone Derivatives for Anti-Toxoplasma Efficacy in Vitro

“…However, current therapy has been limited by high toxicity, resistance, and poor absorption of efficient drugs. In addition, this traditional therapeutic regime is not always suitable for prolonged treatment because of the appearance of undesirable side effects like allergic reactions, which are common among patients and which further limit the treatment in some cases. − Identifying novel antitoxoplasmic compounds effective against chronic stages of the parasite would help in overcoming such disadvantages.…”