Abdominal adipose tissue distribution, obesity, and risk of cardiovascular disease and death: 13 year follow up of participants in the study of men born in 1913.

Abstract

In a prospective study of risk factors for ischaemic heart disease 792 54 year old men selected by year of birth (1913) and residence in Gothenburg agreed to attend for questioning and a battery of anthropometric and other measurements in 1967. Thirteen years later these baseline findings were reviewed in relation to the numbers of men who had subsequently suffered a stroke, ischaemic heart disease, or death from all causes.Neither quintiles nor deciles of initial indices of obesity (body mass index, sum of three skinfold thickness measurements, waist or hip circumference) showed a significant correlation with any of the three end points studied. Statistically significant associations were, however, found between the waist to hip circumference ratio and the occurrence of stroke (p=0 002) and ischaemic heart disease (p = 0-04). When the confounding effect of body mass index or the sum of three skinfold thicknesses was accounted for the waist to hip circumference ratio was significantly associated with all three end points. This ratio, however, was not an independent long term predictor of these end points when

Waist circumference and body mass index in Chinese children: cutoff values for predicting cardiovascular risk factors

“…38 WC showed a slightly stronger association than BMI with the lipid and insulin risk factors, supporting the growing use of WC in preference to BMI 39,40 and consistent with the fact that WC is a measure of central obesity which is specifically related to the presence of CV risk factors. 41,42 Weight/hip ratio and weight/height ratios, as previously used in adults 43,44 albeit controversially in children, 15,21,45,46 were shown to be less strongly associated with the CV risk factors.…”

Risk factors for hypertension in obese women. The role of weight cycling

“…A signi®cant correlation has also been documented between body-fat distribution indices like the waist-to-hip ratio and the weight¯uctuation index, pointing to the possibility of body-fat redistribution, with an increase in the amount of visceral fat, in subjects with higher degrees of weight cycling (Rodin et al, 1990;Hudgins & Hirsh, 1991). This possibility is extremely signi®cant, since it is a well-established fact that prevalent visceral adipose tissue deposition represents an important direct and indirect risk factor for hemodynamic, metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities in obesity cases (Larsson et al, 1984;Seidell et al, 1987;Sjostrom, 1990;Guagnano et al, 1994;Han et al, 1995;Lean et al, 1998). Hamm et al (1989) have suggested that the increased incidence of coronary heart disease in subjects with large weight¯uc-tuations could be explained by atherogenic alterations in lipid metabolism, which take place during body weight increases after a period of caloric restriction (Bouchard, 1991).…”

Hepatic FDG Uptake is not Associated with Hepatic Steatosis but with Visceral Fat Volume in Cancer Screening

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