Abdominal Bracing Increases Ground Reaction Forces and Reduces Knee and Hip Flexion During Landing

Campbell, Amity; Kemp‐Smith, Kevin; O’Sullivan, Peter; Straker, Leon

doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.5774

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the opposite effect was seen for thorax movement, with more movement during abdominal bracing lifts compared to without, in particular during the loaded lowering phase. These findings are in line with earlier findings showing that abdominal bracing increases lower limb stiffness during a drop landing (Campbell et al, 2016) and lumbar spine stiffness during a spinal perturbation trial . From this it can be concluded that any potential benefits of abdominal bracing including reductions of end-range strain and the impact of unwanted spinal perturbations (McGill, 1998;McGill and Karpowicz, 2009) may come at the cost of increased flexion of the thorax.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Abdominal bracing during lifting alters trunk muscle activity and body kinematics

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Abdominal bracing during lifting alters trunk muscle activity and body kinematics

et al. 2017

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“…In addition to these factors, psychosocial aspects may also be associated [35,36], including social relationships, self-esteem, mood, social roles, satisfaction with life and independence. Moreover, activation of abdominal bracing may limit movements and increase mechanical stress, providing greater energy expenditure [13,37]. In patients with chronic low back pain, the transverse abdominal muscle seems not to exhibit delayed activation [12], and multifidus activity may be changed, independent of abdominal bracing activation [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trunk muscle function and pelvic alignment associated with the presence of pain in higher education students: a cross-sectional study

Santos

Rodrigues

et al. 2020

Fisioter. mov.

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Introduction: The protective role of muscles in the passive structures of the spine means that their stability and consequent maintenance are associated with pain, especially in the region of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex. Objective: To determine the prevalence of pain and its association with muscle deficits in higher education students. Method: Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study that evaluated 120 university students through questionnaires (sample characterization, Nordic musculoskeletal symptoms, pain visual analogue scale and international physical activity). Trunk muscle strength and bridge tests with unilateral knee extension (pelvic alignment) were performed. Results: A high prevalence of pain was found in the lower back (58.41%). There was no association between the presence of pain, muscle strength and pelvic alignment (p> 0.05). There was an association between the trunk extension and pelvic tilt tests (p = 0.009). Conclusion: A high prevalence of low back pain, poor performance in the trunk muscle endurance tests and mild and moderate pelvic misalignment were identified. There was no association between pain, trunk muscle weakness and pelvic misalignment. There was an association between pelvic misalignment and trunk extensor muscle weakness.

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“…The ECA condition was defined as at least 20% of the normalized percentage of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC) of the contralateral and ipsilateral internal obliques (CIO & IIO) of the dominant leg (the side used to kick a ball). A target of 20% of MVIC of the IO was adopted in this study based on the level of abdominal core activation which could offer optimal spinal stability as suggested in previous research [9, 10]. The dependent variables were the activity of gluteus medius (GMed), upper part of gluteus maximus (UGMax), lower part of gluteus maximus (LGMax) and biceps femoris (BF) of the dominant leg measured by the surface electromyography (EMG).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For monitoring of the muscle activity of the transverse abdominal wall, EMG activity of the transverse fibres of the internal obliques and the underlying transverse abdominis, which was named as IO in this study, was measured using the surface EMG methods [9, 13, 14]. Before placing EMG electrodes, skin preparation including hair removal, light abrasion with sandpaper and cleaning with isopropyl alcohol was completed to lower the skin impedance to <10 Ω (Ω).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For exercise trials under the NCA condition, participants were instructed to perform the studied hip exercises naturally without any instruction or correction specified by the examiner. For trials under the ECA condition, participants were guided individually to activate the muscles of their transverse abdominal wall using the abdominal wall bracing manoeuvre described in previous studies [9, 10, 19]. Participants were instructed to perform the abdominal wall bracing manoeuvre by “bringing their navel up and in toward the spine, then tightening up the abdominal wall muscles without causing any change in the position of their lumbar spine”.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of therapeutic hip exercise with abdominal core activation on recruitment of the hip muscles

Chan

Chow

Lai

et al. 2017

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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BackgroundCore stabilization has been utilized for rehabilitation and prevention of lower limb musculoskeletal injuries. Previous studies showed that activation of the abdominal core muscles enhanced the hip muscle activity in hip extension and abduction exercises. However, the lack of the direct measurement and quantification of the activation level of the abdominal core muscles during the execution of the hip exercises affect the level of evidence to substantiate the proposed application of core exercises to promote training and rehabilitation outcome of the hip region. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of abdominal core activation, which is monitored directly by surface electromyography (EMG), on hip muscle activation while performing different hip exercises, and to explore whether participant characteristics such as gender, physical activity level and contractile properties of muscles, which is assessed by tensiomyography (TMG), have confounding effect to the activation of hip muscles in enhanced core condition.MethodsSurface EMG of bilateral internal obliques (IO), upper gluteus maximus (UGMax), lower gluteus maximus (LGMax), gluteus medius (GMed) and biceps femoris (BF) of dominant leg was recorded in 20 young healthy subjects while performing 3 hip exercises: Clam, side-lying hip abduction (HABD), and prone hip extension (PHE) in 2 conditions: natural core activation (NC) and enhanced core activation (CO). EMG signals normalized to percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC) were compared between two core conditions with the threshold of the enhanced abdominal core condition defined as >20%MVIC of IO.ResultsEnhanced abdominal core activation has significantly promoted the activation level of GMed in all phases of clam exercise (P < 0.05), and UGMax in all phases of PHE exercise (P < 0.05), LGMax in eccentric phases of all 3 exercises (P < 0.05), and BF in all phases of all 3 exercises except the eccentric phase of PHE exercise (P < 0.05). The %MVIC of UGMax was significantly higher than that of LGMax in all phases of clam and HABD exercises under both CO and NC conditions (P < 0.001) while the %MVIC of LGMax was significantly higher than UGMax in concentric phase of PHE exercise under NC condition (P = 0.003). Gender, physical activity level and TMG parameters were not major covariates to activation of hip muscles under enhanced core condition.ConclusionsAbdominal core activation enhances the hip muscles recruitment in Clam, HABD and PHE exercises, and this enhancement is correlated with higher physical activity and stiffer hip muscle. Our results suggest the potential application of abdominal core activation for lower limb rehabilitation since the increased activation of target hip muscles may enhance the therapeutic effects of hip strengthening exercises.

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Abdominal Bracing Increases Ground Reaction Forces and Reduces Knee and Hip Flexion During Landing

Abstract: Abdominal bracing reduces impact attenuation during landing. These altered biomechanics may have implications for lower-limb and spinal injury risk during dynamic tasks.

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Abdominal bracing during lifting alters trunk muscle activity and body kinematics

Abdominal bracing during lifting alters trunk muscle activity and body kinematics

Trunk muscle function and pelvic alignment associated with the presence of pain in higher education students: a cross-sectional study

The effects of therapeutic hip exercise with abdominal core activation on recruitment of the hip muscles

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