Abdominal emergencies in a tropical African population

Ajao, O G

doi:10.1002/bjs.1800680519

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A similar incidence was reported from The Gambia where the incidence was 0.8 per 10,000 children aged 0-14 years, 1/24 and 1/49 the incidence of African American and Caucasian children in the USA [33]. Reports from other centers of Africa suggest the incidence of appendicitis is rising with the adoption of Western lifestyles [34][35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Appendicitissupporting

confidence: 81%

Western diseases: current concepts and implications for pediatric surgery research and practice

Bickler

DeMaio

2007

Pediatr Surg Int

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The term "Western diseases" refers to those conditions that are rare or absent in underdeveloped areas of the Third World and increase in frequency with adoptions of Western customs. In adults, they include such common conditions as coronary artery disease, essential hypertension, appendicitis, cholesterol gall stones, and colon cancer. The best examples of Western diseases in the pediatric population are asthma, allergies, appendicitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Limited data from sub-Saharan Africa suggest other pediatric surgical conditions may fall into this category, including hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, gastroesophageal reflux, perirectal abscess, anal fissure, gastroschesis, and neuroblastoma. Existing theories for the origins of Western diseases have postulated a role for decreased dietary fiber, improved hygiene, fetal programming, and a protective effect of tropical enteropathy. How these factors might relate to the rise of appendicitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and possibly other common pediatric surgical diseases in industrialized societies remains poorly understood. Further research is needed to better define geographical differences in common pediatric surgical conditions and to investigate how genetic and environmental factors interact to modify risk of disease. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that give rise to Western diseases could lead to new therapeutic and prevention strategies for some of the most common pediatric surgical conditions in industrialized countries.

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Section: Appendicitissupporting

confidence: 81%

Western diseases: current concepts and implications for pediatric surgery research and practice

Bickler

DeMaio

2007

Pediatr Surg Int

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“…Explanations offered included ignorance, poor access roads, long distances to suitably equipped hospitals, poverty, among others [2][3][4][5][6][7] . Upon arrival in the hospital, further delay was encountered before the definitive treatment could be provided due to a number of other factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early presentation of cases to the hospital and prompt surgical treatment of the clinically stabilized patient are imperative to the postoperative survival of the individual 1 . Delayed hospital presentation is common in most developing countries such as Nigeria [2][3][4][5][6][7] . In addition delay may caused by several factors in the hospital prior to emergency laparotomy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waiting time among acute abdominal emergencies in a Nigerian teaching hospital: causes of delay and consequences

Mbah¹,

Opara²,

Agwu³

2010

Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research

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Background-In many patients presenting with an acute surgical abdomen, the outcome of management is determined by the promptness of the appropriate surgical intervention. The average interval the patient has to spent waiting for treatment at first presentation to hospital with an acute abdominal emergency is unknown in our center. This study was designed to evaluate the waiting time between hospital presentation and operation,to highlight causes of the delay and outcome of treatment among patients admitted with emergency abdominal events in a Nigerian tertiary health Centre. Only 13(9.6%) of the patients were operated within 6-hours of hospital admission, considered prompt treatment. Operations after six hours in 123 others was due to several reasons but the commonest reason in [65.4%] was financial constraint. The commonest complication responsible for significant morbidity was wound infection in 31 (22.8%) patients, the majority of whom had delayed surgical operation (n=23/31). Twenty-eight (20.6%) patients died in this study. All but one were from the group operated beyond 6-hours of hospital presentation. Conclusion: The adverse consequences of prolonged waiting time in our center among patients admitted with acute surgical abdomen are most commonly due to financial difficulties. A hospital-based credit scheme available to emergency aptients will rapidly improve the quality of care we give our patients.

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“…In spite of innovations in operative and antimicrobial therapy, and intensive care, mortalities of 5-40% are being reported [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . In our environment., peritonitis is a common cause of nontraumatic death in emergency unit with the scourge of typhoid perforation, late presentations of appendicitis and strangulated bowel being the key reasons [10][11][12] . Literature reports have tended to address these causative diseases rather than intraabdominal infection itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the severity of intraabdominal Infections; the value of APACHE II Scoring System

Ukwenya¹,

Muhammad²,

Nmadu³

2010

Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research

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Intra -abdominal infection continues to defy advances in surgical care with considerable mortality. It is characterized by a spectrum of presentations of varying disease severity. The need to ensure standards for comparing studies and antibiotic trials on intraabdominal infection led to the emergence of several scoring systems. There is paucity of information on this subject in local literature, even though a Nigerian scientist pioneered one of the earliest stratification systems. This is a review of literature on one of the scoring systems that has made an impact in the standardization of intraabdominal sepsis:the APACHE II scoring system. This study will review the genesis, bedside application, uses, limitations and alternatives as a scoring system for intraabdominal infection. Over two decades of use, it is simple and continues to be a reliable indicator of severity of intraabdominal infection.

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Abdominal emergencies in a tropical African population

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

Western diseases: current concepts and implications for pediatric surgery research and practice

Western diseases: current concepts and implications for pediatric surgery research and practice

Waiting time among acute abdominal emergencies in a Nigerian teaching hospital: causes of delay and consequences

Assessing the severity of intraabdominal Infections; the value of APACHE II Scoring System

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