Abduction and the Semiotics of Perception

Tiercelin, Claudine

doi:10.1515/semi.2005.2005.153-1-4.389

Cited by 12 publications

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“…However, it is important to realize that abduction represents a powerful logic operation aimed at finding explanations to surprising phenomena, but that their value must be tested by verification procedures. Claudine Tiercelin 12 , 13 noticed that Peirce himself considered that abduction is: A process of thought capable of producing no conclusion more definite than a conjecture. [EP 2.232].…”

Section: The Logic Of Abduction: a Way To Explain Surprising Phenomenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplistic and complex thought in medicine: the rationale for a person-centered care model as a medical revolution

Reach¹

2016

PPA

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According to the concept developed by Thomas Kuhn, a scientific revolution occurs when scientists encounter a crisis due to the observation of anomalies that cannot be explained by the generally accepted paradigm within which scientific progress has thereto been made: a scientific revolution can therefore be described as a change in paradigm aimed at solving a crisis. Described herein is an application of this concept to the medical realm, starting from the reflection that during the past decades, the medical community has encountered two anomalies that, by their frequency and consequences, represent a crisis in the system, as they deeply jeopardize the efficiency of care: nonadherence of patients who do not follow the prescriptions of their doctors, and clinical inertia of doctors who do not comply with good practice guidelines. It is proposed that these phenomena are caused by a contrast between, on the one hand, the complex thought of patients and doctors that sometimes escapes rationalization, and on the other hand, the simplification imposed by the current paradigm of medicine dominated by the technical rationality of evidence-based medicine. It is suggested therefore that this crisis must provoke a change in paradigm, inventing a new model of care defined by an ability to take again into account, on an individual basis, the complex thought of patients and doctors. If this overall analysis is correct, such a person-centered care model should represent a solution to the two problems of patients’ nonadherence and doctors’ clinical inertia, as it tackles their cause. These considerations may have important implications for the teaching and the practice of medicine.

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Section: The Logic Of Abduction: a Way To Explain Surprising Phenomenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplistic and complex thought in medicine: the rationale for a person-centered care model as a medical revolution

Reach¹

2016

PPA

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“…Abductive inference shades into perceptual judgments without any sharp line of demarcation between them, so that 'our first premises, the perceptual judgments are to be regarded as an extreme case of abductive inferences … the abductive faculty, by which we divine the secrets of nature, is, as we may say, a shading of, a gradation of that which in its highest perfection we call perception. (Peirce 1998: 224; see Tiercelin 2005) The ambiguity between presumption as an attitude and presumption as an inference, which is present on the Epicurean model, is here most explicit. On Peirce's view of abduction, perceptual beliefs or judgments are inferences.…”

Section: The Perceptual-abductive Modelmentioning

confidence: 95%

Dr Livingstone, I Presume?

Engel

2021

Episteme

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Presumption is often discussed in law, less often in epistemology. Is it an attitude? If so where can we locate it within the taxonomy of epistemic attitudes? Is it a kind of belief, a judgment, an assumption or a supposition? Or is it a species of inference? There are two basic models of presumption: judgmental, as a kind of judgment, and legal, taken from the use of presumptions in law. The legal model suggests that presumption is a practical inference, whereas the judgmental model suggests that presumption is an epistemic attitude. I argue that presumption is neither a practical inference nor a merely epistemic attitude: it involves both, within the category of what we may call the inquiring attitudes.

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“…From Peirce's point of view, the 'feeling' experienced about how something came to be is actually rooted in one's perceptual awareness of the world. Peirce (CP 5.181) specifically noted Bthat abductive inference shades into perceptual judgment without any sharp line of demarcation between them; or, in other words, our first premisses, the perceptual judgments, are to be regarded as an extreme case of abductive inferences, from which they differ in being absolutely beyond criticism.Ŝ trictly speaking though, the non-discursive inferences Peirce sought to describe do not rely on abduction alone, since deduction and induction also play a role in these complex processes (Tiercelin 2005;Viola 2016). In fact, the arrival of a possible explanation for a particular observation by means of abduction marks only the beginning of a broader inferential process, which is followed by the deduction of the practical effects of the hypothesis, thus paving the way for further inductions, whose experimental examination can either confirm or correct the initial habit.…”

Section: Thinging and Dewey And Bentley's Transactional Logicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material Engagement Theory and its philosophical ties to pragmatism

Iliopoulos

2018

Phenom Cogn Sci

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Material Engagement Theory (MET) is currently driving a conceptual change in the archaeology of mind. Drawing upon the dictates of enactivism and active externalism, it specifically calls for a radical reconceptualization of mind and material culture. Unpersuaded by the common assumption that cognition is brain-bound, Malafouris argues in favour of a process ontology that situates thinking in action. In granting ontological primacy to material engagement, MET seeks to illuminate the emergence of human ways of thinking through the practical effects of the material world. Considering that this is a characteristic example of a pragmatic take on cognition, this contemporary theoretical platform appears to share a lot with pragmatism. As of late, scholars working at the intersection of philosophy, semiotics, and cognitive science have made important steps towards the rapprochement between pragmatism and externalism. Looking to contribute to this growing corpus of work, the present paper focuses on MET's relation to the pragmatism of Peirce, Dewey, and Mead. Having elsewhere recognized the overlap and complementarity between Malafouris' and Peirce's theories in particular, I developed a pragmatic and enactive theory of cognitive semiotics that is suitably geared to trace the nature, emergence, and evolution of material signs. Therefore, besides noting some obvious historical connections, I hereby aim to establish (at least part of) the theoretical backdrop upon which this composite theory is supposed to function, while also exploring new potential avenues. Given that this cognitive semiotic framework can be seen as a pragmatic extension of Malafouris' enactivist approach to archaeology, the current paper delves into MET's theoretical underpinnings, seeking to complement its working hypotheses and concepts with philosophical notions and ideas advanced long ago. This synthesis ultimately concludes with a call for the reconceptualization of 'representation' as a heuristic concept.

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Abduction and the Semiotics of Perception

Cited by 12 publications

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Simplistic and complex thought in medicine: the rationale for a person-centered care model as a medical revolution

Simplistic and complex thought in medicine: the rationale for a person-centered care model as a medical revolution

Dr Livingstone, I Presume?

Material Engagement Theory and its philosophical ties to pragmatism

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