Aberraciones cromosómicas en trabajadoras expuestas a plaguicidas

Abstract

Chromosomic aberrations in female workers exposed to pesticides. The purpose of this work was to determine if the occupational exposure to those pesticides used at banana plantations' packaging plants produces genetic damage to somatic cells of female workers. Chromosomal aberrations were scored in lymphocytes of 20 women, 10 female exposed workers and 10 female controls. Workers were recruited from independent farms from two locations in Costa Rica, during January through June in 1996 and 1997. These females had a minimum of three months of work, had never received chemotherapy or radiotherapy and did some of these labors: sealing, spraying or weighting of bananas. Control unexposed females lived in the same area, were of similar age and neither them nor their husbands/mates had ever worked in pesticide related labors. For each female, 100 mitotic figures were scored. The kind of aberrations detected were acentric fragments, dicentric chromosomes, rings, gaps and breaks. Among workers, 16% of cells (n=1000) had one or more abnormalities, whereas control unexposed females had 6% of cells (n=1000) with comparable anomalies (p<0.05). In conclusion, the pesticide exposure is a risk factor for chromosome aberrations in female somatic cells. Rev. Biol. Trop. 52(3): 623-628. Epub 2004 Dic 15.

Risk factors associated with the use and management of pesticides in the production of nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill)

“…In this regard, several authors have documented that inadequate hygiene and safety measures, lack of training in the handling of agrochemicals, and misuse of personal protective equipment are among the main reasons for poisoning among farm workers (Cárdenas et al, 2010;Gómez-Arroyo et al, 2013;Guzmán-Plazola et al, 2016). Ortiz-Hernández et al (2013) point out that the chronic and acute damages from exposure to pesticides are diverse and indisputable: infertility, psychological damage, chromosomal abnormalities, and increased risk of melanoma, leukemia, and cervical cancer (Thrupp, 1991;Wesseling et al, 1996;Cuenca and Ramírez, 2004).…”

Comet assay results of pilots exposed to pesticides

“…Biomonitoring studies using somatic cells have been extensively conducted to evaluate the possible genotoxic risk of a defined exposure, and some indicators, such as chromosomal aberrations and abnormalities, have been shown to be a relevant biomarker for predicting cancer risk (Hagmar et al, 1998;Martínez-Valenzuela et al, 2015). A certain number of field studies have been carried out, revealing an association between the occupational exposure to pesticides and the presence of chromosomal aberrations and AND damage (Bolognesi, Parrini, Bonassi, Ianello & Salanitto, 1993;Cuenca & Ramírez, 2004;Garaj-Vrhorac & Želježić, 1999;Gómez-Arroyo et al, 2013;Rupa, Rita, Reddy & Reddi, 1998).…”