Aberrant approach-avoidance conflict resolution following repeated cocaine pre-exposure

Nguyen, David P.; Schumacher, Anett; Erb, Suzanne; Ito, Rutsuko

doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4006-y

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Thus, the association between longer duration of stimulant use and greater reductions in responses in frontal regions suggests stimulant use could also impact on the regulatory control of emotion circuits. This fits with preclinical work showing that repeated stimulant exposure reduces learning to aversive cues (Nguyen et al 2015).…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

Fronto-limbic engagement during moral processing in stimulant users

Blackwood

Howes

2016

Psychopharmacology

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supporting

confidence: 87%

Fronto-limbic engagement during moral processing in stimulant users

Blackwood

Howes

2016

Psychopharmacology

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“…While it may be tempting to attribute the present effect of ventral HPC lesions upon the conflict test simply to a reduction in anxiety, it is important to note that our measure of learned approach avoidance conflict does not invariably correlate with measures of unlearned anxiety such as the elevated plus maze. For instance, we have found that rats that had undergone repeated administration of cocaine exhibit marked preference for the mixed valence conflict cue compared to the neutral cue, in the absence of any changes in anxiety levels, as measured in the elevated plus maze (Nguyen et al, ). Furthermore, we would argue, that an aberrant state of anxiety is a product of deficient approach‐avoidance conflict resolution, and not the underlying source of aberrant approach‐avoidance conflict resolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ventral hippocampus, but not the dorsal hippocampus is critical for learned approach‐avoidance decision making

2015

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The resolution of an approach-avoidance conflict induced by ambivalent information involves the appraisal of the incentive value of the outcomes and associated stimuli to orchestrate an appropriate behavioral response. Much research has been directed at delineating the neural circuitry underlying approach motivation and avoidance motivation separately. Very little research, however, has examined the neural substrates engaged at the point of decision making when opposing incentive motivations are experienced simultaneously. We hereby examine the role of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus (HPC) in a novel approach-avoidance decision making paradigm, revisiting a once popular theory of HPC function, which posited the HPC to be the driving force of a behavioral inhibition system that is activated in situations of imminent threat. Rats received pre-training excitotoxic lesions of the dorsal or ventral HPC, and were trained to associate different non-spatial cues with appetitive, aversive and neutral outcomes in three separate arms of the radial maze. On the final day of testing, a state of approach-avoidance conflict was induced by simultaneously presenting two cues of opposite valences, and comparing the time the rats spent interacting with the superimposed 'conflict' cue, and the neutral cue. The ventral HPC-lesioned group showed significant preference for the conflict cue over the neutral cue, compared to the dorsal HPC-lesioned, and control groups. Thus, we provide evidence that the ventral, but not dorsal HPC, is a crucial component of the neural circuitry concerned with exerting inhibitory control over approach tendencies under circumstances in which motivational conflict is experienced.

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“…Of particular relevance to these studies, others have reported that a similar CIE exposure protocol resulted in insensitivity to punished alcohol seeking in an operant self‐administration paradigm (Radke et al., ). In addition, a history of exposure to cocaine promotes reward seeking under conflict in males (Nguyen et al., ). Thus, we had anticipated that CIE would promote compulsivity in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Ethanol Reward Seeking Under Conflict in Mice

Xie

Buck

Bryant

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background: Alcohol use disorders are characterized by inflexible alcohol seeking that occurs despite adverse consequences. Males and females are differentially sensitive to ethanol (EtOH) reward, but it is unclear whether sex differences in EtOH seeking under reward-aversion conflict are present.Methods: To investigate sex differences in EtOH seeking under conflict, adult male and female C57BL/6J mice underwent chronic intermittent EtOH (CIE) exposure by vapor inhalation or served as air-exposed controls. After CIE, mice were trained in a modified EtOH conditioned place preference paradigm. During 3 conditioning sessions, 2 g/kg EtOH was administered prior to confinement in the "EtOH-paired" chamber. On alternating days, saline was injected prior to confinement in the "salinepaired" chamber. After conditioning, mice experienced a footshock in the EtOH-paired chamber. EtOH-seeking behavior was assessed before and after footshock.Results: Control and CIE-exposed males reduced the time spent in and increased latency to enter the reward-paired chamber following footshock. Control females did not alter EtOH-seeking behavior following footshock. CIE-exposed females spent more time in the EtOH-paired chamber at baseline. However, following a footshock, CIE-exposed females significantly reduced the time spent in and increased latency to enter the EtOH-paired chamber.Conclusions: Nondependent female mice exhibited aversion-resistant alcohol seeking to a greater degree than males. Chronic EtOH exposure did not impact EtOH seeking in males. In females, CIE enhanced EtOH seeking in the absence of conflict, but reduced EtOH seeking after an aversive experience. While these sex-specific effects of CIE are not present when reward seeking is assessed in the absence of an aversive experience, multiple factors may underlie the differences in reward seeking despite adverse consequences, including reward-and aversion-related learning and decision making under conflict. These data highlight the importance of considering sex as a variable influencing EtOH seeking and provide a greater understanding of how sex interacts with EtOH exposure to alter behavior.

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Aberrant approach-avoidance conflict resolution following repeated cocaine pre-exposure

Abstract: Repeated cocaine pre-exposure allows appetitive approach motivations to gain greater influence over behavioral output in the context of motivational conflict, due to aberrant positive and negative incentive motivational processing.

Cited by 27 publications

References 32 publications

Fronto-limbic engagement during moral processing in stimulant users

Fronto-limbic engagement during moral processing in stimulant users

The ventral hippocampus, but not the dorsal hippocampus is critical for learned approach‐avoidance decision making

Sex Differences in Ethanol Reward Seeking Under Conflict in Mice

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