Aberrant phenotypes in childhood and adult acute leukemia and its association with adverse prognostic factors and clinical outcome

Abstract

Occurrence of aberrant phenotypes in childhood and adult acute leukemia (AL) differs considerably in independent studies and their association with prognostic factors is still controversial. In the present study, 214 patients with AL (106 children and 108 adults) were evaluated for the aberrant expression of CD33 in ALL (B cell and T cell) and CD3, CD5, CD7, and CD19 in AML. In B-ALL, aberrant expression of CD33 was found in 39 and 23% cases of adult and children, respectively. In T-ALL, CD33 was seen in 33% cases of adults while in children CD33 was not observed. In AML, aberrant expression of CD19 was expressed in 52 and 32% while CD7 was expressed in 14 and 15% cases of childhood and adult AML, respectively. Among FAB subtypes, aberrant expression of CD19 and CD7 was more commonly seen in M5 subtype. One adult patient (AML-M5) showed expression of CD3, CD5, and CD19. In summary, aberrant phenotype was commonly seen in adults than childhood B-ALL while in AML, aberrant phenotype was more common in children than adults. CD19 was most commonly expressed antigen followed by CD7 in both childhood and adult AML. Interestingly, aberrant phenotype was not found in childhood T-ALL; however, it was seen in 33% cases of adults. We did not find any association of aberrant phenotype with adverse prognosis factors, CD34 marker, and clinical outcome except the absence of auer rod which was found to be significantly associated with aberrant phenotype of childhood AML (P = 0.01).

Clinical Significance of Co-expression of Aberrant Antigens in Acute Leukemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Makah Al Mukaramah, Saudi Arabia

“…The frequency of aberrant myeloid antigen expression in the studied ALL group was 36.4%, our results are in accordance to 39% reported by Bhushan et al (2010), comparable to 21.2% (Paietta et al, 2001), and 55% reported by Wu et al (2007), while in contrast to others references (Pui et al, 1998;Vitaleet al, 2007).…”

“…lymphoid antigen positive AML (Ly+AML) and myeloid Nahla Ahmad Bahgat Abdulateef 1,2 , Manar Mohammad Ismail 2,3 *, Hanadi Aljedani 1 antigen positive ALL (My+ALL) not classified as mixed phenotype leukemia (MPL). Aberrant antigen expression is reported to have variable frequency (Voskova et al, 2003;Vitale et al 2007;Zhang et al, 2012;Novoa et al, 2013) most commonly CD7 (Chang et al, 2007), CD9, CD19 and CD56 in AML cases (El-Sissy et al, 2006) as well as CD13 and CD33 in ALL (Liu et al, 2007;Suggs et al, 2007) and their prognostic and predictive relevance is controversial (Bhushan et al, 2010). However, several reports discussed their clinical significance, but most of them were not comprehensive (Putti et al, 1998;Venditti et al, 1998;Ogata et al, 2001).…”

“…There is much to be discovered about the clinical characteristics and significance of co-expression of two or more aberrant lineage leukemia markers (Bhushan et al, 2010).…”

Flowcytometric Immunophenotypic Profile of Acute Leukemia: Mansoura Experience

“…reported in 10-47% of cases [23,26,27]. In our study, expression of CD13 and CD33 in B-ALL were 7.9 and 10.5%, respectively.…”

“…An association was found between lymphocyte antigens positivity and expression of CD34 in our AML group as this aberrant expression was observed with highest percentage (93.8%) in AML-M0. Some published studies reported that lymphoid antigen positivity in AML between 16 and 22% and CD7 appeared to be the most commonly expressed marker [21][22][23].…”