Aberrations in Placental Cytokine mRNA Related to Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Hahn-Zoric, Mirjana; Hagberg, Henrik; Kjellmer, Ingemar; Ellis, Joy; Wennergren, Margareta; Hanson, Lars Å.

doi:10.1203/00006450-200202000-00013

Cited by 83 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In PE and IUGR pregnancies, both IL-6 and IL-8 have been found at increased levels in maternal and fetal fluids (Hahn-Zoric et al 2002;Sargent et al 2006;Visentin et al 2014). A previous study went on to demonstrate that mRNA levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in placental tissue were found to be increased in IUGR/SGA pregnancies when compared with controls (Hahn-Zoric et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study went on to demonstrate that mRNA levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in placental tissue were found to be increased in IUGR/SGA pregnancies when compared with controls (Hahn-Zoric et al 2002). In contrast to these data, a recent study concluded that there were no significant differences in IL-6 or IL-8 mRNA placental tissue levels between IUGR and controls (Amu et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Placental aging and oxidation damage in a tissue micro-array model: an immunohistochemistry study

Londero

Orsaria

Marzinotto

et al. 2016

Histochem Cell Biol

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To evaluate the expression of markers correlated with cellular senescence and DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG), p53, p21, APE1/Ref-1 (APE1), interleukin (IL-6 and IL-8) in placentas from healthy and pathologic pregnancies. This retrospective study considered a placental tissue micro-array containing 92 controls from different gestational ages and 158 pathological cases including preeclampsia (PE), HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes,low platelet count), small for gestational age (SGA)fetuses, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) occurringat different gestational ages. In this study, we demonstrated a significant influence of gestational age on the expression in the trophoblast of 8-OHdG, p53, p21, APE1, and IL-6. In placentas of cases affected by PE, HELLP, or IUGR, there was an increased expression of 8-OHdG, p53, APE1, and IL-6 compared to controls (only IL-8 was significantly decreased in cases). In both groups of pathology between 22- and 34-week gestation and after 34-week gestation, APE1 levels were higher in the trophoblast of women affected by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy than women carrying an IUGR fetus. The cytoplasmic expression of 8-OHdG was increased in placentas in IUGR cases compared to PE or HELLP pregnancies. In cases after 34-week gestation, p21 was higher in SGA and IUGR than in controls and late PE. Moreover, p53 was increased after 34-week gestation in IUGR pregnancies. Placentas from pathological pregnancies had an altered expression of\ud 8-OHdG, p53, p21, APE1, IL-6, and IL-8. The alterations of intracellular pathways involving these elements may be the cause or the consequence of placental dysfunction, but in any case reflect an impaired placental function, possibly due to increased aging velocity in pathologic cases

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental aging and oxidation damage in a tissue micro-array model: an immunohistochemistry study

Londero

Orsaria

Marzinotto

et al. 2016

Histochem Cell Biol

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“…Cigarette use during pregnancy has been shown to reduce placental cytokines (32), while spontaneous labor has been associated with increased proinflammatory cytokines (33), especially in association with preterm labor and infection (20). Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has also been associated with a decrease in placental IL-10 and some reports suggest an increase in proinflammatory cytokines with IUGR (34). Pregnancies complicated by asthma are known to be associated with one or all of these events, and therefore we examined these factors as variables in the final analysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Placental Cytokine Expression Covaries with Maternal Asthma Severity and Fetal Sex

Scott¹,

Hodyl

Murphy

et al. 2009

The Journal of Immunology

120

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In the presence of maternal asthma, we have previously reported reduced placental blood flow, decreased cortisol metabolism, and reductions in fetal growth in response to maternal asthma and asthma exacerbations. We have proposed that these changes in placental function and fetal development may be related to activation of proinflammatory pathways in the placenta in response to maternal asthma. In the present study, we examined the influence of maternal asthma severity, inhaled glucocorticoid treatment, maternal cigarette use, placental macrophage numbers, and fetal sex on placental cytokine mRNA expression from a prospective cohort study of pregnant women with and without asthma. Placental expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-5 mRNA were all increased significantly in placentae of female fetuses whose mothers had mild asthma, but no changes were observed in placentae of male fetuses. The proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were negatively correlated with female cord blood cortisol, but there were no such correlations in placentae from males. Multivariate analysis indicated the strongest predictor of both cytokine mRNA expression in the placenta and birth weight was fetal cortisol but only in females. Placental cytokine mRNA levels were not significantly altered by inhaled glucocorticoid use, placental macrophage numbers, cigarette use, moderate-severe asthma, or male sex. These data suggest that placental basal cytokine mRNA expression is sex specifically regulated in pregnancies complicated by asthma, and interestingly these changes are more prevalent in mild rather than severe asthma.

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“…Excessive Th1 cytokine production, on the other hand, has been shown to evoke rejection responses directed against fetoplacenal semiallografts [61]. Th1/Th2 imbalance has been found in association with multiple failures of recurrent spontaneous a b o r t i o n s [ 3 0 , 3 1 ] , p r e e c l a m p s i a [ 3 2 -3 4 ] , intrauterine growth retardation [35], preterm delivery, and premature rupture of membranes [36,37]. In this study, a significant increase in the Th1/ Th2 ratio was observed in the interspecific p r e g n a n c y g r o u p w h e n c o m p a r e d t o t h e intraspecific pregnancy group, suggesting a bias state for Th1/Th2 in interspecific pregnancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excessive amounts of Th1 cytokines could hamper the immunological tolerance of the female to the foreign antigens of the fetus. Increased expression of Th1 cytokines or an increased ratio of Th1/Th2 cytokines has been observed at the feto-maternal interface in abortionprone mice [29], and this occurs not only at the fetomaternal interface but also in the peripheral blood in many human pregnancy failures, such as r e c u r r e n t s p o n t a n e o u s a b o r t i o n [ 3 0 , 3 1 ] , preeclampsia [32][33][34], intrauterine growth retardation [35], preterm delivery, and premature rupture of membranes [36,37]. Shift of the Th1/ Th2 balance to Th1 dominance contributes to the failure of pregnancy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Th1/Th2 (IFN-.GAMMA./IL-4) Cytokine mRNA Ratio of Rat Embryos in the Pregnant Mouse Uterus

et al. 2007

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Abstract. Somatic cell nuclei can be dedifferentiated in ooplasm from another species, and interspecies cloned embryos can be implanted into the uteri of surrogates. However, no full pregnancies have been achieved through interspecific mammalian cloning. Rat blastocysts transferred into mouse uteri provide a unique model for studying the causes of interspecific pregnancy failure. In this study, intraspecific pregnancy (mouse-mouse) and interspecific pregnancy (rat-mouse) models were established. On Day 9 of pregnancy, the fetoplacental units were separated from the uterine implantation sites and the expression of messenger (m)RNA was quantitated by realtime PCR. We compared the mRNA expression levels of type-1 T helper (Th1) and type-2 T helper (Th2) cytokines, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in fetoplacental units between intraspecific and interspecific pregnancy groups. The mRNA expression of IFN-γ in the fetoplacental units of the interspecific pregnancy group was significantly higher than that of the intraspecific pregnancy group (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of IL-4 in the interspecific pregnancy group was significantly lower than that in the intraspecific pregnancy group (P<0.05). We also analyzed the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 mRNA, and an increased IFN-γ/IL-4 mRNA ratio was observed in the interspecific pregnancy compared with that in the intraspecific pregnancy group. The IFN-γ and IL-4 mRNA expressions indicate that there is a Th1/Th2 imbalance in the feto-maternal interface of interspecific pregnancies. Bias of Th1 cytokine dominance may be a barrier to reproductive success between species. Key words: Interferon (IFN)-γ, Interleukin (IL)-4, Interspecific pregnancy, Mouse, Rat (J. Reprod. Dev. 53: [219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228] 2007) o far, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has succeeded in generating live animals in many species, including sheep, cattle, mice, goats, pigs, rabbits, cats, rats, mules, horses, dogs, and ferrets [1][2][3][4]. However, it is impractical to clone endangered species by intraspecific SCNT because of insufficient numbers of oocytes and surrogate females. So, interspecific SCNT (iSCNT) has been explored to produce cloned offspring, and usually includes interspecific somatic cell nuclear transfer and interspecific pregnancy. In previous research, the oocytes of bovine, sheep, and rabbits have been used for iSCNT, and interspecific reconstructed embryos have been obtained [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Interspecific r e c o n s t r u c t e d e m b r y o s c a n i m p l a n t i n t o interspecific uteri, but only three speices have been successfully cloned by iSCNT [14][15][16]. Bovine ooplasm was capable of reprogramming the banteng [Bos javanicus, listed as a threatened

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Aberrations in Placental Cytokine mRNA Related to Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Cited by 83 publications

References 26 publications

Placental aging and oxidation damage in a tissue micro-array model: an immunohistochemistry study

Placental aging and oxidation damage in a tissue micro-array model: an immunohistochemistry study

Placental Cytokine Expression Covaries with Maternal Asthma Severity and Fetal Sex

Increased Th1/Th2 (IFN-.GAMMA./IL-4) Cytokine mRNA Ratio of Rat Embryos in the Pregnant Mouse Uterus

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