Abfraction: Etiopathogenesis, clinical aspect, diagnosis and treatment, a review literature

Abstract

Dental abfractions are non-carious lesions that can complicate their diagnosis and correct treatment due to their characteristics. Objective: A literature review to analyze the etiopathogenic factors, clinical aspect, diagnosis, and treatment of dental abfractions. Methodology: A compilation of articles published in the last 5 years 2017-2022 was carried out using the PubMed electronic database. Abstracts and full texts were identified that included information on the etiopathogenesis, clinical aspect, diagnostic, and treatment. The implementation of the search using operators AND, OR, and NOT. Within the keywords used for the search "abfraction" "etiopathogenesis", "clinical aspect", "diagnostic" and "treatment". Results: Abfractions have a multifactorial origin (diet, mechanical action) which is more associated with occlusal forces. Most abfractions have a cervical crescent shape. Diagnosis depends on knowledge of the etiology, clinical aspect, and clinical history. The difficulty of treatment depends more on the difficulty of having a good marginal seal. Conclusions: According to the literature analyzed, the etiology of the affricative process is the product of inadequately distributed occlusal forces, which are concentrated in the cervical area. The therapeutics of these lesions can range from conservative treatments such as abrasives. However, more studies are needed to see the durability of this type of restoration. Therefore, education is important to avoid this type of injury.

The Stresses and Deformations in the Abfraction Lesions of the Lower Premolars Studied by the Finite Element Analyses: Case Report and Review of Literature

“…The abfraction lesions were 1.2 mm in depth. The most commonly used index that categorizes tooth wear in the cervical region is the Tooth Wear Index by Smith and Knight [23]. The abfraction lesions of the lower right premolars were determined to be 3rd class (defects ranging from 1 to 2 mm deep).…”

Morphological and Optical Coherence Tomography Aspects of Non-Carious Cervical Lesions

“…They unanimously established that the term “abfraction” should not be used anymore because there is not enough information to demonstrate that this form of dental wear is determined by a single process [ 8 ]. Despite their recommendation, the term is still used, suggesting the role of occlusal stress in the etiology of these lesions [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”