Abiotic Degradation of Halobenzonitriles: Investigation of the Photolysis in Solution

Millet, Maurice; Palm, Wolf-Ulrich; Zetzsch, Cornelius

doi:10.1006/eesa.1998.1665

Cited by 23 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…1), the quantum yield obtained for bromoxynil is +0.02. This result is in accordance (within a factor of 2 to 3) with values from the literature (Kochany et al, 1990) and own measurements in water (Millet et al, 1996).…”

Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…On the other hand, direct photolysis of bromoxynil is known to be very efficient (Kochany et al, 1990). Assuming that most of the degradation is photolysis and using as a first approximation the UV spectrum determined in water (Millet et al, 1996) and the absolute intensities of the light source (see Fig. 1), the quantum yield obtained for bromoxynil is +0.02.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

OH Radical Reactivity of Pesticides Adsorbed on Aerosol Materials: First Results of Experiments with Filter Samples

Palm

Millet

Zetzsch

1998

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

OH Radical Reactivity of Pesticides Adsorbed on Aerosol Materials: First Results of Experiments with Filter Samples

Palm

Millet

Zetzsch

1998

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…Typically, only 0·1% of pesticides and herbicides reach the target organism, with the remaining 99·9% dispersing into the surrounding environment (Pimentel 1995). There are many different ways in which bromoxynil can enter the environment, for example, at the time of application, it is readily lost to the atmosphere through plant evapo‐transpiration and volatilization from soil (Millet et al. 1998; Donald et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The degradation of the herbicide bromoxynil and its impact on bacterial diversity in a top soil

Baxter

Cummings

2008

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: To study how repeated applications of an herbicide bromoxynil to a soil, mimicking the regime used in the field, affected the degradation of the compound and whether such affects were reflected by changes in the indigenous bacterial community present. Methods and Results: Bromoxynil degradation was monitored in soil microcosms using HPLC. Its impact on the bacterial community was determined using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative PCR of five bacterial taxa (Pseudomonads, Actinobacteria, α‐Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and nitrifying bacteria). Three applications of 10 mg kg−1 of bromoxynil at 28‐day intervals resulted in rapid degradation, the time for removal of 50% of the compound decreasing from 6·4 days on the first application to 4·9 days by the third. Bacterial population profiles showed significant similarity throughout the experiment. With the addition of 50 mg kg−1 bromoxynil to soil, the degradation was preceded by a lag phase and the time for 50% of the compound to be degraded increased from 7 days to 28 days by the third application. The bacterial population showed significant differences 7 days after the final application of bromoxynil that correlated with an inhibition of degradation during the same period. Conclusions: These analyses highlighted that the addition of bromoxynil gave rise to significant shifts in the community diversity and its structure as measured by four abundant taxa, when compared with the control microcosm. These changes persisted even after bromoxynil had been degraded. Significance and Impact of the Study: Here we show that bromoxynil can exert an inhibitory effect on the bacterial population that results in decreased rates of degradation and increased persistence of the compound. In addition, we demonstrate that molecular approaches can identify statistically significant changes in microbial communities that occur in conjunction with changes in the rate of degradation of the compound in the soil.

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“…As herbicides, benzonitriles are deliberately introduced into the environment. The degradation of benzonitrile and its derivatives in the environment relies mainly on the biodegradation [22], photolysis [24,25] and photooxidative reactions, e.g., by OH or O 3 radicals [26]. In particular, theoretical evidences suggest that radicals such as OH and O 3 exhibit surface excess at the air/water interfaces as compared to the bulk, which implies that the air/water interface may serve as an important domain for the photooxidation reactions of nitriles [27].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of benzonitrile at the air/water interface studied by sum frequency generation spectroscopy

et al. 2013

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Abiotic Degradation of Halobenzonitriles: Investigation of the Photolysis in Solution

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

OH Radical Reactivity of Pesticides Adsorbed on Aerosol Materials: First Results of Experiments with Filter Samples

OH Radical Reactivity of Pesticides Adsorbed on Aerosol Materials: First Results of Experiments with Filter Samples

The degradation of the herbicide bromoxynil and its impact on bacterial diversity in a top soil

Adsorption of benzonitrile at the air/water interface studied by sum frequency generation spectroscopy

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