Ablation characteristics of silicone insulation

Oyumi, Y.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0518(19980130)36:2<233::aid-pola4>3.0.co;2-s

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Silicon rubbers are linear polysiloxanes, which are distinguished according to the curing mechanism as high‐temperature vulcanized and room‐temperature vulcanized silicon rubbers . Heat shielding materials based on silicone rubber ablative composites are an appealing material for SRM and ramjet propellant . The exceptional thermal stability of silicon rubbers make it a reliable choice for higher temperature applications .…”

Section: A Focus On Ehsms For Srmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…116,117 Heat shielding materials based on silicone rubber ablative composites are an appealing material for SRM and ramjet propellant. [118][119][120] The exceptional thermal stability of silicon rubbers make it a reliable choice for higher temperature applications. 70 Lots of silicon rubber ablative composites for TPSs are known so far.…”

Section: Silicon Rubber-based Hsmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent developments in elastomeric heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor casing application for future perspective

George

Panda

Mohanty

et al. 2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Catastrophic breakdown that occurs during the flight of supersonic vehicles demands more focused research in the insulation of rocket engines. At present, optimization of polymeric ablatives as viable insulation for solid rocket motor casing has a prominent role in the successful mission of rockets. Among polymers, elastomer serves an imperative part. Comprehensive investigations were disclosed, especially in the elastomeric heat shielding materials with various reinforcing agents. In this paper, research progress of mostly used elastomers is reviewed, and a circumstantial understanding about the features of ablation and insulation has been validated. 2-4 Therefore, to protect the vehicle from miserable failure of spacecraft, some design features are added to cope with the aerodynamic heating. 5Thermal protection system (TPS) materials impart heat shield to protect the structure, aerodynamic surface and the payload of missiles, and those vehicles interacting with the hypersonic environment. 6,7 Polymeric ablative materials serve to effect as TPS that defends space vehicles and probes during the atmospheric entry; they are effective to produce passively cooled rocket combustion chambers 8 and to render insulation to the solid rocket motors (SRMs) at high temperature. [9][10][11] Although some nonpolymeric materials such as inorganic polymers/ceramics or metals have been used as ablative TPS, polymeric ablatives represent the most flexible category of ablatives. In contrast to the inorganic polymers, polymer ablatives have more inborn benefits: high-heat shock resistance, lower density, good mechanical strength, and thermal insulation capabilities. 12The broad range of heat shielding materials (HSMs) for rocket motor casing is produced from reinforced thermosets or elastomers. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The most assuring material for the HSM for rocket motors is the elastomers, which can be produced as rubbers, foamed rubbers, or fiber-reinforced composite materials. On the grounds of lightweight, low thermal conductivity, stability in the mechanical and thermal stresses during the operation, elastomeric HSMs (EHSMs) can find relevance in the insulation of SRM casing where thermal insulation is a prime necessity. They do not possess the ability to form cokes without the introduction of special additives due to the linear chain structure of elastomers, thus no solid carbonic residue on thermal decomposition.Also, elastomers have high elongation at break and the capacity to withstand the mechanical and the thermal stresses during the manufacturing and in use. 20This review puts the elastomeric materials as ablative insulators for SRM into frame and would confer the readers the progress that has been attained in developing relatively low surface eroding and ablative insulating systems for SRM. These systems can be used to manufacture variety of ablative TPS systems for rocket motor casing application and would provide an idea regarding the composite system that would behave elastomeric as well as ablative. Scrutini...

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Section: A Focus On Ehsms For Srmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Silicon Rubber-based Hsmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in elastomeric heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor casing application for future perspective

George

Panda

Mohanty

et al. 2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…Unfortunately, a layer of ash is formed after ablation of silicone rubber‐based ATPC . This ash layer is sheared during flight of the aircraft, leading to high retrograde ablation and low thermal protection efficiency . Phenolic resin has a high ablation efficiency, high residual ratio, and compact char layer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5 This ash layer is sheared during flight of the aircraft, leading to high retrograde ablation and low thermal protection efficiency. [6][7][8][9] Phenolic resin has a high ablation efficiency, high residual ratio, and compact char layer. 10,11 However, phenolic resin-based ATPC could split during the ablation process due to its poor toughness and shrinkage, and the resulting cracks could lead to an increase in the background temperature of ATPC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly branched phenolic resin‐grafted silicone rubber copolymer for high efficiency ablation thermal protection coating

Cao

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Highly branched phenolic resin‐grafted silicone rubber (PGS) was synthesized by grafting allyl ether phenolic resin onto silicone rubber with Si─H groups via hydrosilylation. The chemical structure of the copolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and gel permeation chromatography, and its microphase morphology was observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties and thermal stability of the material were also characterized. Thereafter, an ablation thermal protection coating (ATPC) based on PGS as the polymer matrix was prepared. In comparison with silicone rubber‐based ATPC, the PGS‐based ATPC showed better thermal stability and a stronger char layer. After oxygen–acetylene testing, the micromorphology and chemical composition of the PGS‐based ATPC were characterized via SEM, energy‐dispersive spectrometry, and X‐ray diffraction. Finally, the PGS‐ and silicone rubber‐based ATPCs were subjected to a heat flow of 370 kW m−2 for 70 s, the background temperature of the PGS‐based ATPC was only 70 °C. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48353.

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“…However, ablatives should also be flexible in some applications to resist the high stress produced by combustion gases. As a consequence, elastomeric ablative materials are generally used as heat insulators in combustion chambers [8,9,10,11]. Usually, rubbers such as ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) are favored matrices as insulation materials because of their appropriate mechanical strength, excellent thermal stability, and easy processing [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Ablation Resistance of Silicone Rubber Composites by Introducing Montmorillonite and Silicon Carbide Whisker

et al. 2016

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Montmorillonite (MMT) was added to silicone rubber (SR) to improve the ablation resistance of the silicone. Following this, different quantities of silicon carbide whiskers (SiCw) were incorporated into the MMT/SR to yield a hybrid, ablative composite. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite increased after the addition of MMT. The ablation test results showed that MMT helped to form a covering layer by bonding with the silica and other components on the ablated surface. The linear and mass ablation rates exhibited decreases of 22.5% and 18.2%, respectively, in comparison to a control sample. After further incorporation of SiCw as the second filler, the resulting composites exhibited significantly higher tensile strength and ablation resistance, but not particularly lower elongation at break in comparison to the control sample. The SiCw/MMT fillers were beneficial in forming a dense and compact covering layer that delayed the heat and oxygen diffusion into the inner layers, which improved the ablation properties effectively. The remaining whiskers acted as a micro skeleton to maintain the composite's char strength. Compared to the control sample, the linear and mass ablation rates of the composite after incorporating 6 phr SiCw and 10 phr MMT decreased by 59.2% and 43.6%, respectively. These experimental results showed that the fabricated composites exhibited outstanding mechanical properties and excellent ablation resistance.

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Ablation characteristics of silicone insulation

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Recent developments in elastomeric heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor casing application for future perspective

Recent developments in elastomeric heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor casing application for future perspective

Highly branched phenolic resin‐grafted silicone rubber copolymer for high efficiency ablation thermal protection coating

Improved Ablation Resistance of Silicone Rubber Composites by Introducing Montmorillonite and Silicon Carbide Whisker

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