Abnormal cutaneomotor integration in patients with cerebellar syndromes: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study

Tamburin, Stefano; Fiaschi, Antonio; Andreoli, Annalisa; Forgione, Antonio; Manganotti, Paolo; Zanette, Giampietro

doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(03)00002-6

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Inhibition was found in healthy volunteers at ISI 18 ms but was absent in patients with Parkinson's disease (Delwaide and Olivier 1990). Inhibition of the TMS response by a preceding digital nerve stimulus was repeatedly reported at ISI 20 ms (Tamburin et al 2001;Tamburin et al 2002;Tamburin et al 2003). On the other hand, in another study, the minimum ISI at which a digital nerve stimulus could suppress MEPs evoked by TMS was found to be 22 ms (Tokimura et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Short-latency afferent inhibition during selective finger movement

et al. 2005

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During individual finger movement, two opposite phenomena occur at the level of the central nervous system that could affect other intrinsic hand muscle representations, unintentional co-activation, and surround inhibition (SI). At rest, excitability in the motor cortex (M1) is inhibited at about 20 ms after electric stimulation of a peripheral nerve [short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI)]. We sought to determine whether SAI changes during selective index finger movement. Effects were measured by the response to transcranial magnetic stimulation in two functionally distinct target muscles of the hand [abductor digiti minimi muscle (ADM), first dorsal interosseus muscle (FDI)]. An increase in SAI in the ADM during index finger movement compared to at rest could help explain the genesis of SI. Electrical stimulation was applied to either the little finger (homotopic for ADM, heterotopic for FDI) or the index finger (heterotopic for ADM, homotopic for FDI). During index finger movement, homotopic SAI was present only in the ADM, and the effect of peripheral stimulation was greater when there was less co-activation. Heterotopic SAI found at rest disappeared with movement. We conclude that during movement, homotopic SAI on the muscle in the surround of the intended movement may contribute to SI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Short-latency afferent inhibition during selective finger movement

et al. 2005

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“…In addition to intrinsic mechanisms, the level of cortical excitability depends in part on the activity of subcortical structures such as basal ganglia and cerebellum. Tamburin et al [53] have recently reported that inhibition of MEPs to TMS stimulation by cutaneous afferences is reduced in patients with pure cerebellar syndromes. The authors argued that this alteration could be related to an impairment of cerebellar tonic or phasic modulation of motor cortex excitability.Abnormal cerebellar inputs to sensorimotor cortex have been postulated to play a role in the origin of cortical reflex myoclonus in patients with cerebellar damage, including patients with MSAc [39,57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peripheral afferents could be first processed at the spinal cord where they can change the excitability of spinal interneurons [10]. Further rostral integrative centers are found in the cerebellum [22,53], in the basal ganglia [1,43], and in the bulbopontine reticular formation, where afferent inputs may modulate the subcortical motor commands [46]. Specific brainstem nuclei with sensorimotor integration capacities are the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTn) and the superior colliculus (SC), which in turn modify the excitability of the neurons of the spinal trigeminal nucleus [2,3,20].When afferent inputs reach the motor cortex, they can also modulate cortical neuronal excitability [24,56] and, by way of the corticostriatal loop, modify the output of the GABAergic interneurons of the striatum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variability of these results seems to depend on the parameters used, the most critical being the ISI and the conditioning stimulus intensity [30].Apart from the fact that different techniques may lead to different results, some findings in patients are different in different laboratories. In Parkinson's disease, Tamburin et al [53] reported that defective sensorimotor integration correlated with the severity of parkinsonian signs, while Sailer et al [47] reported the observation of reduced sensorimotor integration in ON with respect to OFF, and reasoned that the reduction of sensorimotor integration may be a non-dopaminergic feature. Nevertheless, the results obtained in the normal subjects participating in this study are in agreement with those reported by other Upper traces correspond to control trials, and lower traces to test trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Histogram representation of the time course of R2 inhibition of the blink reflex in healthy subjects and in patients. Bars correspond to the mean value of R2 area obtained in test trials expressed as a percentage of the corresponding value obtained in control trials for a given ISI authors using similar methods: A cutaneous afferent volley from the digital nerves inhibited the MEP to TMS recorded in muscles of the same hand [12,13,34,53,58]. The same cutaneous afferent volley is known to inhibit the R2 component of the blink reflex [21,45,63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensorimotor integration in patients with parkinsonian type multisystem atrophy

et al. 2005

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Sensorimotor integration is an essential feature of the central nervous system that contributes to the accurate performance of motor tasks. Some patients with multiple system atrophy with parkinsonian features (MSAp) exhibit clinical signs compatible with an abnormal central nervous system excitability to somatosensory inputs, such as action myoclonus or enhanced cutaneo-muscular reflexes. To investigate further the site where such dysfunction in sensorimotor integration takes place, we examined the inhibitory effects of a cutaneous afferent volley at two different levels of the motor system in 10 MSAp patients and in 10 age-matched healthy volunteers. Electrical digital nerve stimuli were given as the conditioning stimulus for the motor evoked potentials (MEP) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation in hand muscles, and for the blink reflex responses obtained in the orbicularis oculi muscles by supraorbital nerve stimulation. Intervals for the conditioning were 20 to 50 ms for the MEP and 90 to 110 ms for the blink reflex. The MEP was significantly inhibited in test trials in healthy volunteers, reaching a mean of 32% of the baseline values at the ISI of 35 ms. Significant inhibition occurred also in the blink reflex, in which the R2 response was a mean of 12% of baseline values at the ISI of 100 ms. The inhibitory effects were abnormally reduced in 8 patients on the MEP, and in 7 patients on the blink reflex. There were significant group differences between patients and control subjects in the size of the conditioned MEP and blink reflex. These results suggest that sensorimotor integration is abnormal in patients with MSAp in at least two central nervous system sites: the sensorimotor cortex, and the brainstem reticular formation.

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Abnormalities of sensory processing and sensorimotor interactions in secondary dystonia: A neurophysiological study in two patients

Tamburin

Zanette

2005

Movement Disorders

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Experimental data suggest that abnormalities of sensory processing and sensorimotor integration may play a role in the genesis of symptoms in primary dystonia. We studied 2 patients with dystonia secondary to lesions in the somatosensory pathways. We documented sensorimotor alterations in these patients that strongly resemble those found in primary dystonia. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that abnormalities in sensorimotor processing may contribute to the pathogenesis of dystonic conditions.

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Abnormal cutaneomotor integration in patients with cerebellar syndromes: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Short-latency afferent inhibition during selective finger movement

Short-latency afferent inhibition during selective finger movement

Sensorimotor integration in patients with parkinsonian type multisystem atrophy

Abnormalities of sensory processing and sensorimotor interactions in secondary dystonia: A neurophysiological study in two patients

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