Abnormal functional connectivity of the frontostriatal circuits in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder associated with an increased incidence of cognitive and emotional disorders. Previous studies have indicated that the frontostriatal circuits play a significant role in brain disorders. However, few studies have investigated functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities in the frontostriatal circuits in T2DM.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the abnormal functional connectivity (FC) of the frontostriatal circuits in patients with T2DM and to explore the relationship between abnormal FC and diabetes-related variables.MethodsTwenty-seven patients with T2DM were selected as the patient group, and 27 healthy peoples were selected as the healthy controls (HCs). The two groups were matched for age and sex. In addition, all subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and neuropsychological evaluation. Seed-based FC analyses were performed by placing six bilateral pairs of seeds within a priori defined subdivisions of the striatum. The functional connection strength of subdivisions of the striatum was compared between the two groups and correlated with each clinical variable.ResultsPatients with T2DM showed abnormalities in the FC of the frontostriatal circuits. Our findings show significantly reduced FC between the right caudate nucleus and left precentral gyrus (LPCG) in the patients with T2DM compared to the HCs. The FC between the prefrontal cortex (left inferior frontal gyrus, left frontal pole, right frontal pole, and right middle frontal gyrus) and the right caudate nucleus has a significant positive correlation with fasting blood glucose (FBG).ConclusionThe results showed abnormal FC of the frontostriatal circuits in T2DM patients, which might provide a new direction to investigate the neuropathological mechanisms of T2DM.

Alterations of spontaneous brain activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus without mild cognitive impairment: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance study

“…The caudate acts one of the hubs in frontostriatal circuits that have been implicated in behavior ( Ji et al, 2018 ). Previous study indicated that deficits in prefrontal-striatal sensorimotor loops involving the caudate nucleus might be the neuropathological basis of motor and sensory dysfunction in T2DM ( Fu et al, 2022 ). And these decreased connectivities might underlie certain abnormalities that occur in cognitive and emotional disorders ( Barber et al, 2019 ).…”

The effects of long-term exposure to air pollution on incident mental disorders among patients with prediabetes and diabetes: Findings from a large prospective cohort

“…Additionally, some studies indicated that individuals with diabetes were more likely to develop anxiety disorders ( Buchberger et al, 2016 ; Cobham et al, 2020 ; Majidi et al, 2015 ). Abnormal blood glucose may lead to changes in brain function and metabolism including hippocampal atrophy, prefrontal cortex dysfunction, and neurotransmitter imbalance ( Fu et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ). Moreover, strict self-management requirements for diet and exercise may also lead to abnormalities in diabetic patients' emotional and cognitive functions.…”