Abnormal functional global and local brain connectivity in female patients with anorexia nervosa

Geisler, Daniel; Borchardt, Viola; Lord, Anton; Boehm, Ilka; Ritschel, Franziska; Zwipp, Johannes; Clas, Sabine; King, Joseph A.; Wolff-Stephan, Silvia; Roessner, Veit; Walter, Martin; Ehrlich, Stefan

doi:10.1503/jpn.140310

Cited by 50 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Results showed increased ‘path length’ and ‘assortativity’ within cerebral networks in patients with AN and decreased connectivity strength and increased path length in posterior insula and thalamus. In line with previous works, impaired thalamo‐insular circuits may explain a failure of integration of visuospatial (body image) and homoeostatic (hunger) signals in patients with AN (Geisler et al ., ).…”

Section: The Role Of the Insula In Anorexia Nervosamentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of body image and self‐perception in anorexia nervosa: the neuroimaging perspective

Esposito

Cieri

Giannantonio

et al. 2016

Journal of Neuropsychology

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Anorexia nervosa is a severe psychiatric illness characterized by intense fear of gaining weight, relentless pursuit of thinness, deep concerns about food and a pervasive disturbance of body image. Functional magnetic resonance imaging tries to shed light on the neurobiological underpinnings of anorexia nervosa. This review aims to evaluate the empirical neuroimaging literature about self-perception in anorexia nervosa. This narrative review summarizes a number of task-based and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in anorexia nervosa about body image and self-perception. The articles listed in references were searched using electronic databases (PubMed and Google Scholar) from 1990 to February 2016 using specific key words. All studies were reviewed with regard to their quality and eligibility for the review. Differences in brain activity were observed using body image perception and body size estimation tasks showing significant modifications in activity of specific brain areas (extrastriate body area, fusiform body area, inferior parietal lobule). Recent studies highlighted the role of emotions and self-perception in anorexia nervosa and their neural substrate involving resting-state networks and particularly frontal and posterior midline cortical structures within default mode network and insula. These findings open new horizons to understand the neural substrate of anorexia nervosa.

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Section: The Role Of the Insula In Anorexia Nervosamentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of body image and self‐perception in anorexia nervosa: the neuroimaging perspective

Esposito

Cieri

Giannantonio

et al. 2016

Journal of Neuropsychology

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show abstract

“…Abnormal ACC-insular resting state activity has also been observed in ED patients (Amianto et al, 2013; Dunlop et al, 2015b). Altered connectivity strength and path length between the insula and thalamus has been observed in AN (Geisler et al, 2016), as well as decreased functional connectivity between the thalamus, putamen and insula (Ehrlich et al, 2015). Given all this evidence, the variation in symptoms across different classes of EDs—for example, the presence of binging behavior in BN and BED, but not AN—make it difficult to assess convergent implicated brain regions, and both structural gray matter and functional activity analyses in these populations should be expanded (Schäfer et al, 2010).…”

Section: Abnormalities Of Sn-cstc Loop Circuits In Psychiatric Illnessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortico-Striatal-Thalamic Loop Circuits of the Salience Network: A Central Pathway in Psychiatric Disease and Treatment

Peters

Dunlop

Downar³

2016

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

462

298

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The salience network (SN) plays a central role in cognitive control by integrating sensory input to guide attention, attend to motivationally salient stimuli and recruit appropriate functional brain-behavior networks to modulate behavior. Mounting evidence suggests that disturbances in SN function underlie abnormalities in cognitive control and may be a common etiology underlying many psychiatric disorders. Such functional and anatomical abnormalities have been recently apparent in studies and meta-analyses of psychiatric illness using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Of particular importance, abnormal structure and function in major cortical nodes of the SN, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and anterior insula (AI), have been observed as a common neurobiological substrate across a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders. In addition to cortical nodes of the SN, the network’s associated subcortical structures, including the dorsal striatum, mediodorsal thalamus and dopaminergic brainstem nuclei, comprise a discrete regulatory loop circuit. The SN’s cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop increasingly appears to be central to mechanisms of cognitive control, as well as to a broad spectrum of psychiatric illnesses and their available treatments. Functional imbalances within the SN loop appear to impair cognitive control, and specifically may impair self-regulation of cognition, behavior and emotion, thereby leading to symptoms of psychiatric illness. Furthermore, treating such psychiatric illnesses using invasive or non-invasive brain stimulation techniques appears to modulate SN cortical-subcortical loop integrity, and these effects may be central to the therapeutic mechanisms of brain stimulation treatments in many psychiatric illnesses. Here, we review clinical and experimental evidence for abnormalities in SN cortico-striatal-thalamic loop circuits in major depression, substance use disorders (SUD), anxiety disorders, schizophrenia and eating disorders (ED). We also review emergent therapeutic evidence that novel invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation treatments may exert therapeutic effects by normalizing abnormalities in the SN loop, thereby restoring the capacity for cognitive control. Finally, we consider a series of promising directions for future investigations on the role of SN cortico-striatal-thalamic loop circuits in the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric disorders.

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“…17 These network properties are disrupted under pathological conditions, such as schizophrenia, 18 depression 19 and anorexia nervosa. 20 Although a few studies 14,15 have used resting-state fMRI to map the brain connectivity in patients with bulimia nervosa, they all adopted a seedbased analysis strategy examining connectivity between predefined regions -a potentially biased approach lacking a global brain perspective. Because bulimia nervosa involves disturbances of a broad range of neural processes from basic sensory and visual processing to higher-level cognition functions, 21 it is likely that this disorder affects information exchange across large-scale brain networks.…”

Section: Functional Brain Network In Bulimia Nervosamentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered intrinsic functional brain architecture in female patients with bulimia nervosa

Wang

Kong

et al. 2017

JPN

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Abnormal functional global and local brain connectivity in female patients with anorexia nervosa

Cited by 50 publications

References 62 publications

The role of body image and self‐perception in anorexia nervosa: the neuroimaging perspective

The role of body image and self‐perception in anorexia nervosa: the neuroimaging perspective

Cortico-Striatal-Thalamic Loop Circuits of the Salience Network: A Central Pathway in Psychiatric Disease and Treatment

Altered intrinsic functional brain architecture in female patients with bulimia nervosa

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