Abnormal Ocular Movements in Parkinson's Disease

Rascol, Olivier; Clanet, M.; Jl, Montastruc; Simonetta, Margherita; Soulier-Esteve, M. J.; Doyon, Bernard; Rascol, A

doi:10.1093/brain/112.5.1193

Cited by 176 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…It is well known that PD, especially in advanced stage, is associated with deficit in ocular movements [6,7,8]. Previous studies led to the conclusion that in parkinsonian syndromes the saccade-generating brainstem burst neurons are probably spared, but the signal that they receive is flawed [8, 9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Analysis of Pursuit Ocular Movements in Parkinson’s Disease by Using a Video-Based Eye Tracking System

et al. 2007

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The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and the tolerability of a new vision-based non-intrusive eye tracker in a population composed of normal controls and in patients affected by nonadvanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD patients characteristically have difficulty in sustaining repetitive motor actions. Previous studies showed a progressive bradykinesia and hypokinesia of pursuit ocular movements (POM) in advanced PD. We found that the values of POM were lower in PD patients than in normal controls (p < 0.001). In PD patients, the values correlated closely with Hoehn and Yahr stage and Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subscore (p < 0.001, for both). Our data suggest that deficit in POM occurs also in nonadvanced PD patients and it is closely correlated with clinical scores. Thus, this vision-based system can be considered a new method to provide, noninvasively, measures of POM dysfunctions and can be used as reliable indices of disease severity in PD patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advanced PD is known to be associated with reduced ocular smooth pursuit gain [5,6,7]. This has been explained in terms of advanced PD affecting other structures outside the basal ganglia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Pursuit Ocular Movements in Parkinson’s Disease by Using a Video-Based Eye Tracking System

et al. 2007

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“…Saccadic latency, amplitude, and peak velocity, smooth pursuit peak velocity, and optokinetic nystamus velocities are significantly altered in patients with PD [5,6]. There are some debates on whether the degree of these ocular motor abnormalities correlates well with the severity of PD, and possibly the dopaminergic drug therapy [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directional Asymmetries of Saccadic Hypometria in Patients with Early Parkinson’s Disease and Unilateral Symptoms

Choi

Lee²,

Choi

et al. 2011

Eur Neurol

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Background: Saccade may be abnormal in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but there have been no systematic studies on directional asymmetries of horizontal saccades in early PD. The aims of this study were to determine the saccadic abnormalities and their directional asymmetries. Methods: We recorded visually guided horizontal prosaccades with random (random amplitudes and irregular time intervals) and regular (fixed amplitude and regular time interval) paradigms using video-oculography in 44 patients with unilateral symptoms and signs from early PD and in 26 controls. Results: PD patients showed decreased saccadic amplitude compared to the controls, especially during regular paradigm while the saccadic latency did not differ between the groups. Patients with unilateral PD tended to show more severe saccadic hypometria toward the symptomatic side during the regu- lar paradigm, compared to normal control. Conclusion: Even in early PD patients, saccadic accuracy may be abnormal. Asymmetries in saccadic hypometria are more likely to be detected during the anticipatable saccadic paradigm, which could be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of early-stage PD.

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“…Whereas eye movement deficits are highly characteristic of PD and other Parkinsonian disorders 17,19,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and neurodegenerative disorders in general, 18,20 we observed impairments in fixational stability only, and these were limited to the rate of small microsaccades. We did not observe a significant increase in the proportion of saccades classified as SWJ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…[17][18][19][20] Smooth pursuit and saccades have longer latencies and lower velocity in PD patients versus healthy age-matched controls. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Generally, lower pursuit eye velocity gain produces higher retinal image motion (motion blur), impairing perception of moving images. Fixational eye movements are characteristically unstable in PD, with more frequent small saccadic intrusions and tremor than in healthy controls.…”

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confidence: 99%

Visual Contrast Sensitivity in Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease

Ming

Palidis

Spering

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. Visual impairments are frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD) and impact normal functioning in daily activities. Visual contrast sensitivity is a powerful nonmotor sign for discriminating PD patients from controls. However, it is usually assessed with static visual stimuli. Here we examined the interaction between perception and eye movements in static and dynamic contrast sensitivity tasks in a cohort of mildly impaired, early-stage PD patients. METHODS.Patients (n ¼ 13) and healthy age-matched controls (n ¼ 12) viewed stimuli of various spatial frequencies (0-8 cyc/deg) and speeds (08/s, 108/s, 308/s) on a computer monitor. Detection thresholds were determined by asking participants to adjust luminance contrast until they could just barely see the stimulus. Eye position was recorded with a videobased eye tracker. RESULTS.Patients' static contrast sensitivity was impaired in the intermediate spatial-frequency range and this impairment correlated with fixational instability. However, dynamic contrast sensitivity and patients' smooth pursuit were relatively normal. An independent component analysis revealed contrast sensitivity profiles differentiating patients and controls.CONCLUSIONS. Our study simultaneously assesses perceptual contrast sensitivity and eye movements in PD, revealing a possible link between fixational instability and perceptual deficits. Spatiotemporal contrast sensitivity profiles may represent an easily measurable metric as a component of a broader combined biometric for nonmotor features observed in PD.

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Abnormal Ocular Movements in Parkinson's Disease

Cited by 176 publications

References 64 publications

Quantitative Analysis of Pursuit Ocular Movements in Parkinson’s Disease by Using a Video-Based Eye Tracking System

Quantitative Analysis of Pursuit Ocular Movements in Parkinson’s Disease by Using a Video-Based Eye Tracking System

Directional Asymmetries of Saccadic Hypometria in Patients with Early Parkinson’s Disease and Unilateral Symptoms

Visual Contrast Sensitivity in Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease

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