Abnormal Parietal Brain Function in ADHD: Replication and Extension of Previous EEG Beta Asymmetry Findings

Hale, T. Sigi; Kane, Andrea M.; Tung, Kelly; Kaminsky, Olivia; McGough, James J.; Hanada, Grant; Loo, Sandra K.

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00087

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(137 reference statements)

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“…For instance, in a multimodal voxel‐based morphometry and functional MRI meta‐analysis, an overlapping cluster in the right putamen/anterior insula showed both decreased grey matter volume and reduced inhibition‐related activation in individuals with ADHD relative to controls, highlighting the idea that abnormal grey matter volume in the basal ganglia is related to abnormal inhibitory function. Moreover, the involvement of the corpus callosum in the pathophysiology of ADHD highlighted in DTI studies has also been demonstrated in volumetric and functional studies …”

Section: Structural Brain Imaging In Adhdmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Structural and functional neuroimaging in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Sáenz

Villemonteix

Massat

2018

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Over the last decade, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of neuroimaging studies in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In terms of brain structure, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and diffusion tensor imaging studies have evidenced differences in volume, surface‐based measures (cortical thickness, surface area, and gyrification), and white matter integrity in different cerebral regions, in children and adults with ADHD compared to population norms. Abnormalities in the basal ganglia, prefrontal structures, and the corpus callosum have been the most consistently reported findings across studies. Hemodynamic (functional MRI, functional near‐infrared spectroscopy, positron emission tomography, single‐photon emission computed tomography) and magnetoencephalography measurements have also shown differences in neural activity during the execution of neuropsychological tasks and during rest, in widespread regions of the brain. Importantly, multimodal studies combining structural and functional methods have shown an intercorrelation between structural and functional abnormalities in ADHD. Further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the effects of age and medication on brain structure and function in individuals with ADHD. What this paper adds In attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the brain is characterized by abnormal neural network interplay. Structural and functional cerebral abnormalities in ADHD are intercorrelated. Currently there is no neural biomarker that can be used in diagnosis. Longitudinal studies have shed light on the brain correlates of ADHD over the lifespan. The effects of stimulant intake on the brain correlates of ADHD remain unclear.

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Section: Structural Brain Imaging In Adhdmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Moreover, the involvement of the corpus callosum in the pathophysiology of ADHD highlighted in DTI studies has also been demonstrated in volumetric and functional studies. 3,53 The effect of age in interpreting brain abnormalities…”

Section: Relationship Between Structural and Functional Neuroimaging mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional neuroimaging in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Sáenz

Villemonteix

Massat

2018

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…This effect is strong in controls, but it is absent in our ADHD group, thus suggesting that the kind of WMT performed by our group of patients only confers benefits for those tasks that were trained [15,62,113]. We could speculate that a deficit in transfer effects associated with WM training could be associated with the abnormal parietal brain function observed in ADHD [114].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Early Attentional Modulation by Working Memory Training in Young Adult ADHD Patients during a Risky Decision-Making Task

et al. 2020

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Background: Working memory (WM) deficits and impaired decision making are among the characteristic symptoms of patients affected by attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The inattention associated with the disorder is likely to be due to functional deficits of the neural networks inhibiting irrelevant sensory input. In the presence of unnecessary information, a good decisional process is impaired and ADHD patients tend to take risky decisions. This study is aimed to test the hypothesis that the level of difficulty of a WM training (WMT) is affecting the top-down modulation of the attentional processes in a probabilistic gambling task. Methods: Event-related potentials (ERP) triggered by the choice of the amount wagered in the gambling task were recorded, before and after WMT with a the dual n-back task, in young ADHD adults and matched controls. For each group of participants, randomly assigned individuals were requested to perform WMT with a fixed baseline level of difficulty. The remaining participants were trained with a performance-dependent adaptive n-level of difficulty. Results: We compared the ERP recordings before and after 20 days of WMT in each subgroup. The analysis was focused on the time windows with at least three recording sites showing differences before and after training, after Bonferroni correction ( p < 0.05 ). In ADHD, the P1 wave component was selectively affected at frontal sites and its shape was recovered close to controls’ only after adaptive training. In controls, the strongest contrast was observed at parietal level with a left hemispheric dominance at latencies near 900 ms, more after baseline than after adaptive training. Conclusion: Partial restoration of early selective attentional processes in ADHD patients might occur after WMT with a high cognitive load. Modified frontal sites’ activities might constitute a neural marker of this effect in a gambling task. In controls, conversely, an increase in late parietal negativity might rather be a marker of an increase in transfer effects to fluid intelligence.

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“…Additionally, ADHD as a single diagnostic indicator occurs in less than 20% of the cases, or even less (Barkley & Brown, 2008;Yaryura-Tobias, Rabinowitz, & Neziroglu, 2003). There has been an increasing discourse over neurofeedback techniques and outcomes using sham/placebo-controlled methods yet the aforementioned difficulties remain everpresent Gevensleben et al, 2014;Guez et al, 2015;Hale et al, 2014;Lenartowicz & Loo, 2014;Loo, Lenartowicz, & Makeig, 2015;Micoulaud-Franchi et al, 2014;Polanczyk et al, 2007;Pritchard et al, 2012;Steiner, Frenette, Rene, Brennan, & Perrin, 2014;van Dongen-Boomsma, Vollebregt, Slaats-Willemse, & Buitelaar, 2013;Vollebregt, van Dongen-Boomsma, Buitelaar, & Slaats-Willemse, 2013). Current problems, diagnostic issues, and recommendations for a concise, standard set of metrics and interventions will be presented and discussed.…”

Section: Robert Boddingtonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the 2016 ISNR Conference: Plenary Presentations

2016

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Participants will learn about diagnosis and intervention. Diagnosis will cover both a brief overview of DSM-5 criteria for both Inattentive and Combined presentations of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and also mention of comorbidities. An explication of how adding additional measures from single-channel EEG data collection and administration of continuous performance tests supports the diagnosis. The salient areas to be covered during the clinical interview will also be covered; namely, the person's strengths, family matters (with mention of Judith Lubar's use of genograms), social functioning, school and/or work performance, medical factors (allergies, sleep apnea, head injuries, etc.), and extracurricular interests. Data from questionnaires and, for more objective test data, continuous performance tests (Test of Variables of Attention [T.O.V.A.] and Integrated Auditory and Visual Continuous Performance Test [IVA]) will be shown. The various patterns found on single-channel (Cz) EEG assessment will be discussed in the light of the published norms for theta/beta power ratios. EEG patterns (excess theta, excess alpha, spindling beta, all seen with single channel assessment) will be shown. Recent updates on the utility of theta/beta as a marker for ADHD will be shared. Patients who have a diagnosis of ADHD symptoms can vary from children with a relatively simple difficulty with attention span to patients who have a complex array of other difficulties and comorbidities that involve other networks, such as learning disabilities, Asperger's syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, affect disorders, and movement disorders, including Tourette syndrome. This will be acknowledged but not expanded upon in this presentation. Finally, intervention will be discussed with mention of diet, sleep, and exercise but with the main focus being on how to do effective neurofeedback intervention combined with biofeedback with this population. Finally, there will be mention of research that addresses the question of whether neurofeedback can be considered an efficacious treatment for ADHD. References

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Abnormal Parietal Brain Function in ADHD: Replication and Extension of Previous EEG Beta Asymmetry Findings

Cited by 27 publications

References 128 publications

Structural and functional neuroimaging in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Structural and functional neuroimaging in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Early Attentional Modulation by Working Memory Training in Young Adult ADHD Patients during a Risky Decision-Making Task

Proceedings of the 2016 ISNR Conference: Plenary Presentations

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