Abnormal vascular function and morphology in preeclampsia: a study of isolated resistance vessels

Aalkjær, Christian; Danielsen, H.; Johannesen, P.; Pedersen, E. B.; Rasmussen, A. B.; Mulvany, Michael J.

doi:10.1042/cs0690477

Cited by 95 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…rats [20,21] and dogs [7]; aortic strips of normotensive rats [22. 23]: feline middle-cerebral artery [24]: subcuta neous vessels of the dog paw [25]: omental vessels from normotensive non-pregnant and pregnant women, and women with pre-eclampsia [26], and human coronary artery [27][28][29][30], Results of the present study are in agree ment with these reports and suggest that oscillations may be a general characteristic of blood vessels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Eicosanoid-Dependent and Endothelium-lndependent Oscillations of Rat Aorta

Chemtob

Inayatulla²,

Varma³

1992

J Vasc Res

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We studied the role of endothelium and eicosanoids in rhythmic contractions of rat thoracic aorta. Spontaneous oscillations were observed in 35% of 385 endothelium-intact and in 46% of 22 endothelium-denuded aortic strips from normotensive Sprague-Dawley male rats. Vasoactive agents (norepinephrine, epinephrine, phenylephrine, isoproterenol, arachidonic acid, PGF2 alpha, serotonin, potassium, endothelin, atrial natriuretic factor and angiotensin II) induced rhythmic contractions in the majority of tissues. Rhythmic activity was also observed in aortic strips from adult female, pregnant and old male rats. Aortic oscillations were partially inhibited by indomethacin, ibuprofen and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), and completely inhibited by indomethacin plus NDGA, nifedipine, low external calcium (less than 1 mM) and pretreatment with dexamethasone. Indomethacin, NDGA and arachidonic acid did not affect oscillations of the portal vein. Rhythmic contractions were observed in thoracic aortic strips from neonatal but not from adult rabbits. However, oscillations could be induced in strips of the mesenteric artery and terminal abdominal aorta of adult rabbits. Also, adult rabbit thoracic aortic strips exhibited oscillations when set up in close proximity of rat aorta. It is suggested that rhythmic contractions are physiological characteristics of many and perhaps all blood vessels and may play a role in blood flow and turbulence; the likely cause of these oscillations is the cyclic release of one or more eicosanoids.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Eicosanoid-Dependent and Endothelium-lndependent Oscillations of Rat Aorta

Chemtob

Inayatulla²,

Varma³

1992

J Vasc Res

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“…Because preeclampsia is associated with increased peripheral resistance and increased vascular responsiveness to angiotensin II in vivo 27 and in vitro, 28 some circulating factors may be present in preeclampsia. Abnormal endothelial function may be implicated in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.…”

Section: Venous Distensibility During Preeclampsiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Venous distensibility during pregnancy. Comparisons between normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.

et al. 1994

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Preeclampsia is associated with increased peripheral resistance. This study was performed to determine whether an increase of venous distensibility occurs as well in preeclampsia. We obtained venous distensibility by measuring the venous pressure-volume relation in the forearm with a water-filled plethysmograph. Twenty-one women with normal pregnancy, 12 women with severe preeclampsia, and 8 women with mild preeclampsia were studied during the third trimester and/or 6 weeks after the delivery. Ten nonpregnant normotensive women were also studied. Venous distensibility was greater (P<.01) in normal pregnant women and smaller (P<.01) in women with preeclampsia during pregnancy than postpartum. and decreased intravascular volume.9 ' 10 Changes in venous distensibility in women with preeclampsia are less well documented.The venous system may be important in control of intravascular volume and blood pressure. It has been documented that essential 11 and borderline 12 hypertension are associated with decreased venous distensibility. Decreases in venous distensibility shift the intravascular volume from the peripheral to the central circulation. Thus, it is possible that impaired venous distensibility may contribute to altered hemodynamic status in preeclampsia.Several previous investigators examined venous distensibility in women with preeclampsia. Weinstein et al 13 and Hunyor 14 reported no difference between normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. Stainer et al 15 reported decreased venous distensibility during preeclampsia. However, this study was cross-sectional, and they did not examine whether it was reversible postpartum. Pickles et al 16 reported increased venous distensibility during preeclampsia. Thus, the reported results are variable. The aim of this study was to further evaluate peripheral venous distensibility in preeclampsia during © 1994 American Heart Association, Inc.sibility correlated with the severity of preeclampsia. Venous distensibility was similar between normotensive nonpregnant women, women with nonnal pregnancy during the postpartum period, and women with preeclampsia during the postpartum period. Thus, venous distensibility increased during nonnal pregnancy. In preeclampsia, the decrease of venous distensibility occurred during pregnancy but was reversed postpartum. These results may suggest that a decrease of venous distensibility occurs during preeclampsia. These venous abnormalities may contribute to impaired control of hemodynamics in preeclampsia during pregnancy.

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“…Contraction of small arteries, hypertrophia of media, edema of intima and degenerative changes in arterial walls have been observed [7][8][9][10]. Omental arteries of women with preeclampsia have sig- Pawlicka/Bań kowski/Jaworski nificantly smaller internal diameters than the arteries of normotensive pregnant women [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastin of the Umbilical Cord Arteries and Its Alterations in EPH Gestosis (Preeclampsia)

E¹,

Bańkowski²,

Jaworski

1998

Neonatology

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Edema, proteinuria, hypertension (EPH) gestosis is accompanied by an increase of collagen content and premature replacement of hyaluronic acid by sulfated glycosaminoglycans both in the umbilical cord arteries and in Wharton’s jelly. The effect of EPH gestosis on elastin content and metabolism in the umbilical cord arterial wall was the aim of this work. Studies were performed on normal umbilical cord arteries and those taken from newborns of mothers with EPH gestosis. Elastin was isolated from the arterial wall and quantified by a dye-binding method. Biosynthesis and degradation of this protein was evaluated by a pulse-chase experiment with the use of ¹⁴C-proline. It was found that EPH gestosis is associated with a significant reduction of elastin content in the umbilical cord arteries as a result of decrease in elastin biosynthesis rate and accelerated degradation of this protein. The replacement of elastin by collagen, and hyaluronate by sulfated glycosaminoglycans, may decrease the hydration of arterial wall and reduce its elasticity. Such rearrangement of extracellular matrix of the umbilical cord arteries may affect mechanical properties of these vessels and disturb fetal blood circulation.

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Abnormal vascular function and morphology in preeclampsia: a study of isolated resistance vessels

Cited by 95 publications

References 0 publications

Eicosanoid-Dependent and Endothelium-lndependent Oscillations of Rat Aorta

Eicosanoid-Dependent and Endothelium-lndependent Oscillations of Rat Aorta

Venous distensibility during pregnancy. Comparisons between normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.

Elastin of the Umbilical Cord Arteries and Its Alterations in EPH Gestosis (Preeclampsia)

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