ABO blood type compatibility is not a risk factor for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia development from androgenetic complete hydatidiform moles

Abstract

Problem Complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs) are allografts to patients in terms of an androgenetic origin. Thus, some immunological reactions may be involved in the development of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) from CHMs. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ABO blood group on the prognosis of androgenetic CHMs. Method of Study A total of 129 patients who were diagnosed as having CHMs based on multiplex short tandem repeat polymorphism analysis were included. The ABO blood types of molar tissues were determined by single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in the ABO gene using a high‐resolution melting assay. The incidence of GTN was compared based on ABO compatibility between the patients and their molar tissues. Results The overall incidence of GTN was 17.1% (22/129). Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia occurred in 10.8% (4/37), 14.8% (8/54), 22.2% (6/27), and 36.4% (4/11) of type O, A, B, and AB patients, respectively. Type AB patients tended to develop GTN compared with other blood type patients (P = .093). In ABO type of CHMs, GTN occurrence was not significantly different as it was 16.4% (10/64), 16.0% (8/50), and 22.2% (4/18) for types O, A, and B, respectively (P = .854). According to the ABO incompatibility between patients and molar tissues, GTN occurred in 19.1% (18/94) of the compatible cases and 11.4% (4/35) of the incompatible cases; the occurrence was not significantly different (P = .223). Conclusion Patients with type AB tended to develop GTN. However, ABO compatibility between patients and molar tissues had no relationship with GTN occurrence.

Effect of lung metastasis on the treatment and prognosis of patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…In addition, we discovered that patients with lung metastasis in the Caucasian population have a higher risk of recurrence than Asian populations in our study. The racial dependence of lung metastasis may be partially caused by different genetic background and blood type 25,26 . In addition, factors such as economy, education, lifestyle and dietary habit may result in the difference of the pathogenesis and prognosis.…”

“…The racial dependence of lung metastasis may be partially caused by different genetic background and blood type. 25 , 26 In addition, factors such as economy, education, lifestyle and dietary habit may result in the difference of the pathogenesis and prognosis. It has been reported that various aspects of diet may have impact on the risk of gestational trophoblastic disease.…”

Management of liver and brain metastases in ultra-high-risk patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: a single-center experience

“…The extremely high drug-resistance rate with initial treatment in GTN patients with liver or brain metastases in our study suggests that the combination of chemotherapy with adjuvant immunological therapy or surgery is needed, in comparison with chemotherapy alone, as initial treatment 28 . Immunological reactions might be involved in the development of GTN from complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) 29 . Recent work suggests that checkpoint immunotherapies represent an important new approach for the management of drug-resistant GTN 2,3,5,8 .…”