Abortion due to Salmonella enterica serovar Abortusovis (S. Abortusovis) in ewes is associated to a lack of production of IFN-γ and can be prevented by immunization with inactivated S. Abortusovis vaccine

Cagiola, Monica; Severi, Giulio; Forti, Katia; Menichelli, Miriam; Papa, Paola; Giuseppe, Antonio De; Pasquali, Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.12.018

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Complications in pregnancy due to Salmonella infections include endomyometritis, salpingitis, chorioamnionitis, transplacental infection and septic abortion, neonatal septicemia, and meningitis, and there are a few reported cases of life-threatening septicemia in the mother (9,27). Abortions due to Salmonella serovars is also common in live stock, leading to huge economic losses (11). Thus, there is clinical evidence supporting an ineffective response to Salmonella species during pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pregnancy Impairs the Innate Immune Resistance toSalmonella typhimuriumLeading to Rapid Fatal Infection

Pejčić-Karapetrović

Gurnani

Russell

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

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Typhoid fever and gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella enterica species are increasing globally. Pregnancy poses a high risk, but it is unclear how maternal immunity to infection is altered. In mice, susceptible strains die of S. enterica serovar typhimurium (ST) infection within 7 days whereas resistant mice (129×1/SvJ) develop a chronic infection. We found that virulent ST infection during pregnancy, in normally resistant 129×1/SvJ mice, evoked ∼100% fetal loss and surprisingly >60% host fatality, with a median survival of 6 days. Splenic bacterial load was 1000-fold higher in pregnant mice. This correlated to a diminished splenic recruitment/expansion of innate immune cells: dendritic cells, neutrophils, and NK cells. In particular, the splenic expansion and activation of NK cells postinfection seen in nonpregnant mice was lacking in pregnancy. Most notably, pregnant-infected mice had decreased production of serum IL-12 and increased IL-6 levels. Moreover, uteroplacental tissue of pregnant-infected mice exhibited an ∼40-fold increase in IL-6 mRNA expression relative to noninfected placenta, whereas IL-12p40 was not increased. In vivo blocking of IL-6 significantly reduced the splenic bacterial burden in pregnant mice yet failed to prevent fetal loss. Fetal demise correlated to the rapidity of infection; by 14 h, ST expanded to >105 in the placenta and had reached the fetus. Therefore, the preferential placental expansion of ST plausibly altered the inflammatory response toward IL-6 and away from IL-12, reducing the recruitment/activation of splenic innate immune cells. Thus, highly virulent pathogens may use placental invasion to alter systemic host resistance to infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salmonella serovars also lead to pregnancy loss in livestock (11). Despite evidence for increased susceptibility of the immunocompromised host to many Salmonella species, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pregnancy Impairs the Innate Immune Resistance toSalmonella typhimuriumLeading to Rapid Fatal Infection

Pejčić-Karapetrović

Gurnani

Russell

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

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“…To our knowledge, the only study of the impact of microparasites on wild ungulate fecundity concerns the wood bison Bison bison athabascae in Canada (Joly and Messier 2005). Meanwhile, diseases aVecting reproduction induce important economic losses in farm animals (Longbottom and Coulter 2003;Arricau-Bouvery and Rodolakis 2005;Cagiola et al 2007), which raises the question of their impact in wildlife.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases and reproductive success in a wild mammal: example in the alpine chamois

et al. 2008

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Density-dependent and climatic factors affect reproduction and dynamics of wild ungulates. Parasites can also decrease reproductive success through either a direct abortive effect or a negative impact on host growth and body condition. However, few studies have investigated the effect of parasitism on fecundity of ungulates in natural conditions. We studied three bacterial infections caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Abortusovis, Chlamydophila abortus and Coxiella burnetii. These bacteria are leading causes of reproductive failure in sheep, goat and cattle, which raises the question of their influence on population dynamics of wild ungulates. A long-term study of demography and epidemiology of an alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra, L.) population (Les Bauges Reserve, France) and a generalized linear modeling approach were used to analyze the reproductive success of chamois according to population density, weather conditions and the prevalence of antibodies against the three bacteria in females. This approach enabled us to identify the confounding effect of weather and parasitism on fecundity in a natural population. After accounting for density, the prevalence of antibodies against the three bacteria explained 36% of the annual variation in reproductive success, and weather conditions explained an additional 31%. This study was, to our knowledge, the first to compare the decrease in fecundity due to bacterial infections and weather conditions in a population of wild mountain ungulates.

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“…If in doubt, do not hesitate to recheck the animals after fifteen days to see if the antibody titer is increased. It has been found that the vaccine consisting of inactivated cultures of S. abortusovis induce both types of immune response, humoral and cell-mediated, which confers protection against natural or experimental infection with virulent S. abortusovis strains (Cagiola et al, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Preparation And Testing Of Anti-Salmonella Vaccine Against Abortion In Sheep

Chirilă¹,

Nadăş²,

Răpuntean³

et al. 2017

BUASVMCN-VM

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In March 2016, the microbiology laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3 type of antisalmonella vaccine for sheep were prepared. For type 1, 24 hours salmonella on brain heart infusion (BHI) broth culture, heat inactivated for 1 hour at 60°C, then with formaldehyde in a concentration of 3 ‰. Variant 2 -the culture supernatant obtained on solid BHI medium, washed with PBS, frozen-thawed 6 times, centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes, filtered through 0.2 μm Millipore filter Orange Scientific. Variant 3 -suspension of cell walls remaining after centrifugation suspended in PBS and inactivated with formaldehyde.After the bacterial and fungal sterility control, the three types of vaccine were administered in rabbits by the subcutaneous route at a dose of 1 ml/individual along with 1 ml of plant extract adjuvant (decoction of Ewernia prunastri) sterilized by filtration.There have been two booster inoculations of the initial administration, 7 and 14 days after. Before each dose of vaccine, blood was sampled from the marginal auricular vein in order to control the immunogenicity by anti-somatic ˮOˮ serum antibody (Ab) titration using slow microplate agglutination test (Widal reaction). After three inoculations with the vaccine variant 1, Ab serum titer reached 1/128, and in types 2 and 3, 1/512 after 2 inoculations, decreasing to 1/256 after the second booster administered with no immunomodulator.

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Abortion due to Salmonella enterica serovar Abortusovis (S. Abortusovis) in ewes is associated to a lack of production of IFN-γ and can be prevented by immunization with inactivated S. Abortusovis vaccine

Cited by 21 publications

References 23 publications

Pregnancy Impairs the Innate Immune Resistance toSalmonella typhimuriumLeading to Rapid Fatal Infection

Pregnancy Impairs the Innate Immune Resistance toSalmonella typhimuriumLeading to Rapid Fatal Infection

Diseases and reproductive success in a wild mammal: example in the alpine chamois

In Vitro Preparation And Testing Of Anti-Salmonella Vaccine Against Abortion In Sheep

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