About features of application of automatic fire containment installations

Abstract

Introduction. Ensuring the necessary level of fire safety of objects of different classes is achieved by the use of automatic fire extinguishing installations-drencher, sprinkler, etc. Such installations, feeding extinguishing agents (eg, water) with the required intensity, are designed to localize and eliminate the fire. But there is a significant class of objects for which it is required not to extinguish the fire, but to contain its spread until the arrival of fire departments. This is due to both the features of the structural and functional purpose of the protected objects, and restrictions on the use of extinguishing agents (water). Such facilities are equipped with automatic fire containment installations. Problem. If the known automatic fire extinguishing systems set out the requirements according to intensity of extinguishing substances in a protected area with one sprinkler and other parameters for silent automatic fire containment installations such requirements are formulated in General terms. This complicates the design and subsequent operation of automatic fire containment systems. Ways to solve this problem are: a) establishment of a list of premises and buildings that are appropriate to equip automatic fire containment installations; b) determination of the working intensity of the supply of extinguishing agents to contain the fire; c) assessment of the required operating time of the automatic fire containment installation; d) assessment of the pass of extinguishing agents. In this regard, the article provides relevant theoretical expressions and examples of quantitative estimation of activation time system, a flow rate of extinguishing agents to suppress fire, stock fire-extinguishing agents. Also information on classification of automatic fire extinguishing installations and the approximate list of the objects which are subject to protection by automatic fire containment installations is given. Conclusions. Thus, on the basis of the above material can be formulated the basic requirements for the design of automatic fire containment systems, for which it is advisable to develop a special regulatory document.

The Problem of Fire Control by Automatic Fire Extinguishing System

“…In a similar way with works [16,7,12,13] set out the basic requirements for the automatic fire extinguishing system:…”

“…Also, the report [7], taking into account the work [12,13] and foreign experience [4] shows that the requirements of article 117 [5] are achievable under the following conditions: -the damage from secondary agents, i.e. excessively applied (spilled water), can exceed the damage from primary such as flame, thermal radiation, etc.…”

Aspects of implementation of automatic fire containment systems

“…Наиболее рациональной схемой расположения оросителей АУСП для помещений больших площадей может быть такая, которая разделяет защища емую площадь на условные квадратные зоны, чтобы в пределах любой из них пожар был сдержан дренчерными оросителями или вскрывшимися спринклерными оросителями с управляемым запуском до начала тушения первыми прибывшими пожарными подразделениями. Реализовать такую схему расположения оросителей можно при выполнении условия (1). Пример секторной схемы размеще ния оросителей АУСП в помещении с управля емой активацией ветвей оросителей при различных площадях сдерживания пожара указан на рис.…”

“…Тем не менее можно выделить группу защищаемых объектов, в помещениях которых целесообразность применения классических АУП оказывается неочевидной [1,2]. Это, например, объекты: • исторического и культурного наследия, выставочные комплексы, а также офисы и больницы, где ущерб от воздействия жидких огнетушащих веществ (ОТВ) может оказаться сопоставимым или даже превышать ущерб от первичных опасных факторов пожара (ОФП) -пламени, по вышен ной температуры и др.…”