About New Approaches in the Estimation of the Impact of Dust on the Respiratory System

Kashuba, Nikolay A.

doi:10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-3-264-268

HAS

2018

DOI: 10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-3-264-268

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About New Approaches in the Estimation of the Impact of Dust on the Respiratory System

Nikolay A. Kashuba

Abstract: Features of the aerodynamics of aerosols in the respiratory tract during respiration are considered. New methodological approaches to the evaluation of the intensity of the exposure to dust on the human respiratory organs are proposed. The difference in the dispersion composition and in the weight concentrations of the inhaled dust from the dust of the working zone air was studied. The dispersed composition and weight concentrations of cotton dust retained by separate parts of the respiratory organs were inves… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

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Assessing the environmental risk of mining enterprises by the integral indicator of dust emission

Timofeeva

Murzin

2020

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Mineral mining leads to the following negative consequences: disturbance of soil cover and hydrological regime, formation of man-made relief, changes in the quality of land, inhibition of soil formation processes and reduction of soil self-purification capacity and others, and most importantly, pollution of large areas through industrial emissions and, above all, dust emissions. Almost all processing operations, such as blasting, drilling, excavation, transportation of rock mass, storage, performed at mining enterprises are accompanied by dust formation. The aim of this paper was to develop a methodology for the assessment of environmental risks posed by mining enterprises by the integral indicator of dust emission. The objects of research were the largest mining enterprises of the Irkutsk Region engaged in extraction of gold, iron ore, coal and building materials. We analyzed the geoecological situation in the area of industrial activity of the enterprises under study. In our work, we calculated the atmospheric dust pollution indices, the areas of distribution of dust emissions, dust load on personnel of the enterprises, and proposed an integral indicator of dust emission which allows assessing the environmental risks of mining enterprises and their degree of environmental impact. It has been established that coal mining enterprises belong to high-risk facilities and it is necessary to introduce innovative dust suppression technologies at different

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Assessing the environmental risk of mining enterprises by the integral indicator of dust emission

Timofeeva

Murzin

2020

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Analyzing effects of dust from mining enterprises on the environment

Murzin

Gorlenko

2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The relevance of research is due to the widespread intensification of mining processes in the territory of the Irkutsk Region and our country. The issue of assessing the negative impact on the environment is primarily due to the limitations of individual methods, which give only a partial and concise insight into the actual state of violations. The assessment procedure consists of the primary determination of the causes and sources of dust emissions, followed by the identification of areas of dust distribution during mining and zoning. In our case, we used the method for estimating the index of air pollution using dust fraction indicators, assessing the dust load on the main employees of mining enterprises, and by means of economic assessment of environmental damage. As a result of the atmosphere pollution index estimation, it was established that the total value of pollution from dust was higher than the “average” indicator. The research results prove the special effect of dust in environmental pollution. The damage from dust emissions is caused to all components of the environment on large areas, including human health.

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Comparative Hygienic Assessment of the Composition of Ash and Dust Fractions in Ambient Air of the Area Affected by Emissions from a Thermal Power Station: Improving the Accuracy of Human Health Risk Assessment

Zaitseva,

Kleyn,

Andrishunas

et al. 2023

PH&LE

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Introduction: The relevance of the study is determined by a great number of functioning thermal power stations that operate using solid fuels (40 %) and are a source of ambient air pollution posing human health risks. Objective: A comparative hygienic assessment of the component, disperse, and morphological composition of fly ash and airborne particles in the area surrounding a coal-fired power station for the purpose of increasing the accuracy of human health risk assessment. Materials and methods: We have used unified and approved methods for hygienic assessment of ambient air quality; hazard identification and health risk assessment; scanning electron microscopy and micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy of component, disperse, and morphological structure of fly ash and airborne particulate matter. Results and discussion: Large coal-fired thermal power plants emit about 36 chemicals. Over 59 % of brown coal ash particles are calcium, magnesium, iron, silicon, aluminum, sodium, potassium, sulfur, and phosphorus compounds. Particles found in fly ash and ambient air of the surrounding area have similar components and dispersion, are predominantly less than 10 µm in diameter with the sphericity index ranging from 0.4 to 1.0. Maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) of seven chemicals are exceeded in the study area: up to 3.3 single MAC, up to 1.4 average daily MAC, and up to 1.5 average annual MAC, with the estimated contribution of the thermal power stations of about 40 %. We have also established increased non-carcinogenic health risks with the dust fractions alone generating risk levels as high as 5.5 HQac, 2.4 HQch, and 6.9 HIch, which are rated as “high” and “alerting”. Identified solid particles (aluminum, magnesium, calcium, etc.) are more significant risk factors compared to unidentified particulate matter and can cause respiratory and circulatory diseases, diseases of the eye, etc., which requires their quantification. These chemicals are not included in air emissions inventory lists and are, therefore, not monitored. As a result, health risks posed by economic activities of thermal power stations may be underestimated.

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About New Approaches in the Estimation of the Impact of Dust on the Respiratory System

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Assessing the environmental risk of mining enterprises by the integral indicator of dust emission

Assessing the environmental risk of mining enterprises by the integral indicator of dust emission

Analyzing effects of dust from mining enterprises on the environment

Comparative Hygienic Assessment of the Composition of Ash and Dust Fractions in Ambient Air of the Area Affected by Emissions from a Thermal Power Station: Improving the Accuracy of Human Health Risk Assessment

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