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Resumen: El fundamentalismo y el pentecostalismo constituyen movimientos de gran importancia dentro del cristianismo moderno. Provienen de una vertiente religiosa común y paulatinamente irán expandiéndose (a otras religiones, como el fundamentalismo) y diferenciándose. Inicialmente, se establecen posibles puntos de interrelación; y se postula que tanto el fundamentalismo, como el pentecostalismo, son movimientos reaccionarios a una modernidad ilustrada y secularizada que ha removido la centralidad de Dios (según los postulados de la tesis de la secularización); el primero reaccionando de una manera "racional", remitiéndose a una lectura literal de las escrituras, y el segundo de una manera "vivencial", experimentando la religiosidad de una manera "directa", mediante la glosolalia, el éxtasis u otras formas corporales. Para concluir, se afirma que ambos movimientos constituirían versiones contrapuestas de experiencia religiosa; con la particularidad de constituir comunidades firmemente establecidas y que reaccionan al mundo secular, según la perspectiva de la incertidumbre moderna de Zygmunt Bauman.Palabras clave: Fundamentalismo, pentecostalismo, modernidad, hermenéutica. Fundamentalism and pentecostalism as an expression of antagonistic religiosity, and a significant common bondAbstract: Fundamentalism and Pentecostalism are major movements within modern Christianity. They come from a common religious aspect and will gradually be expanding (to other religions, such as fundamentalism) and differentiating. Initially, possible points of interaction are established, and it is postulated that both fundamentalism and Pentecostalism are reactionary movements to an enlightened and secular modernity that has removed the centrality of God (according to the tenets of the secularization thesis), the first reacting in a «rational» manner, referring to a literal reading of the scriptures, and the second in an «experiential» manner, living the religious experience in a «direct» way through glossolalia, ecstasy or other body expressions. In conclusion, it argues that both movements would be conflicting versions of religious experience, with the particularity of constituting communities firmly established that react to the secular world, from the perspective of modern uncertainty of Zygmunt Bauman.
Resumen: El fundamentalismo y el pentecostalismo constituyen movimientos de gran importancia dentro del cristianismo moderno. Provienen de una vertiente religiosa común y paulatinamente irán expandiéndose (a otras religiones, como el fundamentalismo) y diferenciándose. Inicialmente, se establecen posibles puntos de interrelación; y se postula que tanto el fundamentalismo, como el pentecostalismo, son movimientos reaccionarios a una modernidad ilustrada y secularizada que ha removido la centralidad de Dios (según los postulados de la tesis de la secularización); el primero reaccionando de una manera "racional", remitiéndose a una lectura literal de las escrituras, y el segundo de una manera "vivencial", experimentando la religiosidad de una manera "directa", mediante la glosolalia, el éxtasis u otras formas corporales. Para concluir, se afirma que ambos movimientos constituirían versiones contrapuestas de experiencia religiosa; con la particularidad de constituir comunidades firmemente establecidas y que reaccionan al mundo secular, según la perspectiva de la incertidumbre moderna de Zygmunt Bauman.Palabras clave: Fundamentalismo, pentecostalismo, modernidad, hermenéutica. Fundamentalism and pentecostalism as an expression of antagonistic religiosity, and a significant common bondAbstract: Fundamentalism and Pentecostalism are major movements within modern Christianity. They come from a common religious aspect and will gradually be expanding (to other religions, such as fundamentalism) and differentiating. Initially, possible points of interaction are established, and it is postulated that both fundamentalism and Pentecostalism are reactionary movements to an enlightened and secular modernity that has removed the centrality of God (according to the tenets of the secularization thesis), the first reacting in a «rational» manner, referring to a literal reading of the scriptures, and the second in an «experiential» manner, living the religious experience in a «direct» way through glossolalia, ecstasy or other body expressions. In conclusion, it argues that both movements would be conflicting versions of religious experience, with the particularity of constituting communities firmly established that react to the secular world, from the perspective of modern uncertainty of Zygmunt Bauman.
This ex post facto study aims to investigate the influence of religious practice on the types of reaction to situations of offence. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to evaluate the relationship between religious practice and the attitudes towards offenders. The study was carried out with adolescents and young people of both sexes. The sample comprised 673 male and female, with an average age of 18.28 and standard desviation of 1.21. As regards the religion that they practiced: 555 were catholic (82.5%) 39 were evangelical (5.8%) and others 79 (11.7%). To assess the level of religious practice, a grid with items containing the frequency of religious practice was prepared, taking into account the person's self perception. The second instrument used was the Attitudes Towards Offenders Questionnaire (ATOQ). This instrument consists of seven scales, grouped into three factors: passive, aggressive and prosocial behavior, corresponding to the different responses to situations of offence: submission, denial, vengeance, resentment, hostility, claim for an explanation and forgiveness. The result of MANOVA of the tree factors of ATOQ, according to religious practice (practitioner, occasional practitioner and not practitioner), stated a significant difference. When analyzing the contrasts we can see that practitioners are less aggressive with respect to occasional practitioners and non practitioners. As regards the prosocial factor, the only significant contrast is shown in practitioners, who have a higher average of prosocial attitudes compared to non-practitioners.
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