About the presence of interstitial cells of Cajal outside the musculature of the gastrointestinal tract

Huizinga, Jan D.; Faussone–Pellegrini, Maria Simonetta

doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2005.tb00372.x

Cited by 74 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…3 B and C demonstrate that in vitro ICC-LC are immunopositive for CD117/c-kit, similar to the phenotype found in situ [9]. Anyway, c-kit positivity qualifies stromal cells in culture as ICC-LC [1,10]. In addition, Figs.…”

Section: Giemsa Staining 'Octopus-like'mentioning

confidence: 79%

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Cajal-type cells from human mammary gland stroma: phenotype characteristics in cell culture

et al. 2005

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We report here the in vitro isolation of Cajal-like interstitial cells from human inactive mammary-gland stroma. Primary cell cultures examined in phase-contrast microscopy or after vital methylene-blue staining revealed a cell population with characteristic morphological phenotype: fusiform, triangular or polygonal cell body and the corresponding (very) long, slender, moniliform cytoplasmic processes. Giemsa staining pointed out the typical knobbed aspect of cell prolongations. Immunofluorescence (IF) showed, like in situ immunohistochemistry, that Cajal-type cells in vitro (primary cultures), expressed c-kit/CD117 and vimentin. In conclusion, the images presented here reinforce our previous hypothesis that human mammary glands have a distinct population of Cajal-like cells in non-epithelial tissue compartments. J. Cell. Mol. Med. Vol 9, No 3, 2005 pp. 748-752 Keywords: interstitial cells of Cajal Images in

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Section: Giemsa Staining 'Octopus-like'mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are best characterized in the gut musculature [1,2]. However, after the year 2000, ICC-like cells (ICC-LC) have been found outside the gastrointestinal tract (reviews in 2005: [3,4]).…”

Section: Giemsa Staining 'Octopus-like'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cajal-type cells from human mammary gland stroma: phenotype characteristics in cell culture

et al. 2005

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“…During the last ten years, several authors made efforts to systematize the ultrastructural features in order to facilitate the electron microscope diagnosis of ICC [13][14][15]63] or interstitial Cajal-like cells [64]. In our opinion, the most ellaborate set of criteria is the so-called 'gold standard' proposed by Huizinga, Thuneberg, Vanderwinden, Rumessen, 1997 [15] and composed of eight criteria.…”

Section: Ultrastructural Characterization Of T-iccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel type of interstitial cell (Cajal-like) in human fallopian tube

et al. 2005

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We describe here ‐ presumably for the first time‐a Cajal‐like type of tubal interstitial cells (t‐ICC), resembling the archetypal enteric ICC. t‐ICC were demonstrated in situ and in vitro on fresh preparations (tissue cryosections and primary cell cultures) using methylene‐blue, crystal‐violet, Janus‐Green B or Mito Tracker‐Green FM Probe vital stainings. Also, t‐ICC were identified in fixed specimens by light microscopy (methylene‐blue, Giemsa, trichrome stainings, Gomori silver‐impregnation) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The positive diagnosis of t‐ICC was strengthened by immunohistochemistry (IHC; CD117/c‐kit+ and other 14 antigens) and immunofluorescence (IF; CD117/c‐kit+ and other 7 antigens). The spatial density of t‐ICC (ampullar‐segment cryosections) was 100–150 cells/mm2. Non‐conventional light microscopy (NCLM) of Epon semithin‐sections revealed a network‐like distribution of t‐ICC in lammina propria and smooth muscle meshwork. t‐ICC appeared located beneath of epithelium, in a 10–15μ thick ‘belt’, where 18±2% of cells were t‐ICC. In the whole lamina propria, t‐ICC were about 9%, and in muscularis ∼7%. In toto, t‐ICC represent ∼8% of subepithelial cells, as counted by NCLM. In vitro, t‐ICC were 9.9±0.9% of total cell population. TEM showed that the diagnostic ‘gold standard’ (Huizinga et al., 1997) is fulfilled by ‘our’ t‐ICC. However, we suggest a ‘platinum standard’, adding a new defining criterion ‐ characteristic cytoplasmic processes (number: 1–5; length: tens of μm; thickness: ±0.5μ; aspect: moniliform; braching: dichotomous; organization: network, labyrinthic‐system). Quantitatively, the ultrastructural architecture of t‐ICC is: nucleus, 23.6±3.2% of cell volume, with heterochromatin 49.1±3.8%; mitochondria, 4.8±1.7%; rough and smooth endoplasmic‐reticulum (1.1±0.6%, 1.0±0.2%, respectively); caveolae, 3.4±0.5%. We found more caveolae on the surface of cell processes versus cell body, as confirmed by IF for caveolins. Occasionally, the so‐called ‘Ca2+‐release units’ (subplasmalemmal close associations of caveolae+endoplasmic reticulum±mitochondria) were detected in the dilations of cell processes. Electrophysiological single unit recordings of t‐ICC in primary cultures indicated sustained spontaneous electrical activity (amplitude of field potentials: 57.26±6.56mV). Besides the CD117/c‐kit marker, t‐ICC expressed variously CD34, caveolins 1&2, α‐SMA, S‐100, vimentin, nestin, desmin, NK‐1. t‐ICC were negative for: CD68, CD1a, CD62P, NSE, GFAP, chromogranin‐A, PGP9.5, but IHC showed the possible existence of (neuro)endocrine cells in tubal interstitium. We call them ‘JF cells’. In conclusion, the identification of t‐ICC might open the door for understanding some tubal functions, e.g. pace‐making/peristaltism, secretion (auto‐, juxta‐ and/or paracrine), regulation of neurotransmission (nitrergic/purinergic) and intercellular signaling, via the very long processes. Furthermore, t‐ICC might even be uncommitted bipotential progenitor cells.

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“…The clinical behavior of GIST varies widely from an indolent tumor to a rapidly progressive and fatal disease. These tumors are thought to arise from the Interstitial Cells of Cajal (ICC), cells that function in the intrinsic nervous system of the gastrointestinal tract 1 and express the KIT receptor tyrosine kinase in 95% of cases. 2 Although most of these tumors develop sporadically, small GIST kindreds reported so far appear to likely occur in an autosomal dominant manner with multiple lesions on initial diagnosis of disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

Clinical, histopathologic, molecular and therapeutic findings in a large kindred with gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Kleinbaum

Lazar

Tamborini

et al. 2007

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Germ-line mutations in the KIT receptor tyrosine kinase gene have been described in families with a propensity to develop gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). There is limited information from large kindreds regarding median age at diagnosis, detailed histopathology, clinical effects of imatinib therapy and chromosomal abnormalities of the KIT gene. We identified a large kindred with GIST. Each family member was interviewed and appropriate medical records and radiographic imaging were obtained. Archival tumor tissue was obtained to confirm diagnosis, extract genomic DNA and perform fluorescent in situ hybridization cytogenetics of the KIT gene. Fifteen of 79 individuals with GIST were identified in this kindred. There were 8 males, the mean age at diagnosis was 53.9 (range 45-71) years. Histopathology revealed microscopic proliferation and nodularity in the myenteric plexus, spindled morphology, diffuse Kit but variable CD34 staining and low mitotic rates in the setting of metastatic disease. A deletion of codon 579 in exon 11 of the KIT gene was identified in tumor and normal tissue of this family. Mutation and cytogenetic analysis revealed homozygous loss of the wild-type KIT sequence in tumor from one individual. Four of 4 individuals treated with imatinib are alive and without progression while 9 of 11 individuals not treated with imatinib are deceased. This study describes a kindred with a propensity to develop GIST in an autosomal dominant pattern. Germ-line deletion of KIT codon 579 in GIST is associated with clinical benefit from imatinib, limited utility of mitoses to predict malignant potential, and a novel homozygous deletion of this codon in one individual. ' 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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About the presence of interstitial cells of Cajal outside the musculature of the gastrointestinal tract

Cited by 74 publications

References 41 publications

Cajal-type cells from human mammary gland stroma: phenotype characteristics in cell culture

Cajal-type cells from human mammary gland stroma: phenotype characteristics in cell culture

Novel type of interstitial cell (Cajal-like) in human fallopian tube

Clinical, histopathologic, molecular and therapeutic findings in a large kindred with gastrointestinal stromal tumor

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