Aboveground Responses of Cool-Season Lawn Species to Nitrogen Rates and Application Timings

Walker, Kristina S.; Bigelow, Cale A.; Smith, Douglas R.; Scoyoc, George E. Van; Reicher, Zachary J.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2006.09.0595

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This supports the generally accepted observation that tall fescue requires less N than Kentucky bluegrass to produce acceptable turf quality (Teuton et al, 2007;Walker et al, 2007). On average, tall fescue required approximately 90% of the N concentration needed by Kentucky bluegrass for minimum and critical N concentrations.…”

Section: Kentucky Bluegrass Versus Tall Fescue Nitrogen Requirementssupporting

confidence: 83%

Defining Sufficiency Levels of Nitrogen in Cool‐Season Turfgrass Lawns Using Macy's Concept

et al. 2014

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Few correlation or calibration studies have been conducted to determine or validate sufficiency levels of N concentrations in the clippings of turfgrass for color and growth responses. In a series of field experiments conducted across six consecutive growing seasons (2007–2012) in Connecticut, clipping samples of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) lawns were used to estimate yields and then analyzed for N concentrations. Chlorophyll and normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) meters were used to quantify turf color before sampling. Macy's concept of three nutritional zones of plant tissue nutrient concentration was used to identify minimum and critical concentrations of N in the clippings that define sufficiency ranges for color and growth responses, in addition to luxury consumption. Averaged across all variables and seasons (spring, summer, and fall), the sufficiency ranges of N concentration in the clippings were estimated to be 32 to 46 g kg–1 for Kentucky bluegrass, and 28 to 42 g kg–1 for tall fescue. Differences in minimum and critical concentrations among seasons and between species were thought to be due to demand‐driven nutrient uptake. Luxury consumption of N was observed in both species. When used in context with local conditions, tissue analysis for N concentrations in cool‐season turfgrass clippings can provide an objective basis for guiding N fertilization.

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Section: Kentucky Bluegrass Versus Tall Fescue Nitrogen Requirementssupporting

confidence: 83%

Defining Sufficiency Levels of Nitrogen in Cool‐Season Turfgrass Lawns Using Macy's Concept

et al. 2014

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“…This 6‐year mean annual DM yield from an unamended control treatment is relatively large compared to that reported by others. Walker et al (34) reported turf‐type tall fescue annual DM yields of 1.17 and 0.84 tons/acre in 2004 and 2005, respectively, from a silt‐loam soil in Indiana with greater soil pH and organic matter and substantially less P in the topsoil than in this study. Over an 8‐year period, annual DM yield averaged 1.3 tons/acre for an unfertilized control treatment in northwest Arkansas on the same Captina silt‐loam soil as in this study (20).…”

Section: Forage Dry Matter Response To Litter Applicationmentioning

confidence: 40%

Trends in Dry Matter Yield Following Differential Broiler Litter Application from a Soil Enriched with Organic Matter and Phosphorus

Brye

Daigh

Menjoulet

et al. 2010

Forage & Grazinglands

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Broiler litter is often applied to pastures as an organic fertilizer. A history of repeated annual litter application can increase soil‐test P concentrations to levels that can result in degraded water quality if P‐enriched sediment enters waterways after being transported from areas prone to erosion. Nutrient management tools, such as the P Index, are being used in many areas of concentrated broiler production as a means to limit the amount of P added to soil in litter applications. However, it is unclear how soon forage producers may need to begin using inorganic fertilizers to supply nutrients to meet target yields if P‐based nutrient management plans indicate that litter application should cease. The main objective of this study was to evaluate annual dry matter (DM) yield trends for broiler litter application rates of 0, 2.5, and 5 tons/acre over a 6‐year period for a site that had high near‐surface, soil‐test P and enriched soil organic matter from a history of litter application. Results demonstrate that DM yields were maintain at an average of 2.7 tons/acre for 6 years following the cessation of litter application without decline. We conclude that the use of costly inorganic fertilizers can be delayed for several years because the release of N via decomposition of litter‐enriched soil organic matter is likely adequate to maintain modest DM yields.

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“…Nitrogen fertilization is therefore an important part of standard turfgrass management practices (Walker et al, 2007). Nitrogen fertilization is therefore an important part of standard turfgrass management practices (Walker et al, 2007).…”

Section: Nitrate Leaching and Nitrogen Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface‐Applied Tailored Water: Combining Nutrient Benefits with Efficient Turfgrass Irrigation

Sevostianova

Leinauer

2014

Crop Science

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Irrigating turfgrass with treated effluent water has become a common practice in response to shrinking supplies of potable water. Newly developed decentralized water treatment systems produce recycled water containing varying quantities of N on short notice. Using such tailored water to irrigate turf areas would reduce or eliminate the need for additional mineral fertilizers if concentrations of nitrate in the water were raised during the growing season to meet the annual N requirement. On the basis of our estimates, in order for turfgrasses to receive their entire annual N requirements (20 to 25 g N m−2 yr−1) solely from effluent irrigation, nitrogen concentrations in irrigation water would need to range from as low as 11 mg L−1 for arid regions with a 12‐mo growing season to more than 50 mg L−1 in areas with only a 6‐mo growing season. Furthermore, tailored water should be applied with advanced irrigation systems with high distribution uniformity to minimize nitrate leaching. Subsurface irrigation systems distribute water more efficiently and uniformly and minimize human exposure to treated effluent, which would help dispel negative public perceptions regarding the use of effluent to irrigate public turf areas. As the use of treated effluent for turfgrass irrigation continues to increase, the idea of adjustable nutrient content in irrigation water combined with a subsurface irrigation delivery system could become an important means to sustainably maintain much‐needed urban green spaces.

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Aboveground Responses of Cool-Season Lawn Species to Nitrogen Rates and Application Timings

Cited by 36 publications

References 21 publications

Defining Sufficiency Levels of Nitrogen in Cool‐Season Turfgrass Lawns Using Macy's Concept

Defining Sufficiency Levels of Nitrogen in Cool‐Season Turfgrass Lawns Using Macy's Concept

Trends in Dry Matter Yield Following Differential Broiler Litter Application from a Soil Enriched with Organic Matter and Phosphorus

Subsurface‐Applied Tailored Water: Combining Nutrient Benefits with Efficient Turfgrass Irrigation

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