Absence of autoregulation in peripheral nerve blood flow

Smith, Donald R.; Kobrine, Arthur I.; Rizzoli, Hugo V.

doi:10.1016/0022-510x(77)90132-0

Cited by 54 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the lack of autoregulatory capabilities in the peripheral nerve vascular system (Smith et al, 1977), means that the peripheral nerves need adequate vascularisation to prevent ischaemia and hypoxia (Low & Tuck, 1984;Olsson, 1972). As such, structural and functional alterations in the peripheral microcirculation associated with hypertension (Mourad & Laville, 2006) could cause nerve hypoxia leading to axonal neuropathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peripheral vascular disease is associated with structural alterations in the microcirculation leading to reductions in the number of arterioles or capillaries in the vascular beds of target organs (Mourad & Laville, 2006). The vascular system supplying the peripheral nervous system, which incorporates the vasa nervorum, lacks autoregulatory capabilities (Smith, Kobrine, & Rizzoli, 1977). This absence of autoregulation makes the peripheral nerves vulnerable to hypoxia when their blood supply is compromised (Low & Tuck, 1984;Olsson, 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of essential hypertension on short latency human somatosensory-evoked potentials

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Citation: EDWARDS, L. ... et al, 2010. Effects of essential hypertension on short latency human somatosensory-evoked potentials. Psychophysiology, 47 (2), pp. 323 -331. Additional Information:• This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: EDWARDS, AbstractReduced perception of somatosensory stimulation in patients with essential hypertension may be due to deficits in the ascending somatosensory pathway.Function in the ascending somatosensory pathway was assessed by measuring N9, N13 and N20 somatosensory-evoked potentials in 14 unmedicated essential hypertensives and 22 normotensives. N9 amplitudes were smaller and N13 amplitudes marginally smaller in hypertensives than normotensives. N9 amplitudes were inversely associated with blood pressure. N20 amplitudes and N9, N13 and N20 latencies did not differ between groups. In addition, plexus-cord, cord-cortex and plexus-cortex conduction times were not different between groups. These data suggest that hypertension affects the peripheral nervous system by reducing the number of active sensory nerve fibres without affecting myelination. However, hypertension does not seem to affect the afferent somatosensory pathway within the brain.Descriptors: Arterial hypertension; Essential hypertension; Median nerve; Somatosensory evoked potentials 3

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of essential hypertension on short latency human somatosensory-evoked potentials

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Perfusion pressure is defined as the difference between the mean arterial blood pressure and the internal pressure within nerve. In experimental animal models, high blood flow in the sciatic nerve was observed between mean blood pressures of 80-110 mmHg [12] . Acute hypotension was associated with a decrease in blood flow in the peripheral nerve [13] .…”

Section: Anatomy and Physiology Of Peripheral Nervesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acute hypotension was associated with a decrease in blood flow in the peripheral nerve [13] . Peripheral nerves lack vascular autoregulation [12][13][14] . Autoregulation is the intrinsic ability of an organ to maintain a constant blood flow despite changes in perfusion pressure.…”

Section: Anatomy and Physiology Of Peripheral Nervesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positioning patients for spine surgery: Avoiding uncommon position-related complications

Kamel

Barnette

2014

WJO

103

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Positioning patients for spine surgery is pivotal for optimal operating conditions and operative-site exposure. During spine surgery, patients are placed in positions that are not physiologic and may lead to complications. Perioperative peripheral nerve injury (PPNI) and postoperative visual loss (POVL) are rare complications related to patient positioning during spine surgery that result in significant patient disability and functional loss. PPNI is usually due to stretch or compression of the peripheral nerve. PPNI may present as a brachial plexus injury or as an isolated injury of single nerve, most commonly the ulnar nerve. Understanding the etiology, mechanism and pattern of injury with each type of nerve injury is important for the prevention of PPNI. Intraoperative neuromonitoring has been used to detect peripheral nerve conduction abnormalities indicating peripheral nerve stress under general anesthesia and to guide modification of the upper extremity position to prevent PPNI. POVL usually results in permanent visual loss. Most cases are associated with prolonged spine procedures in the prone position under general anesthesia. The most common causes of POVL after spine surgery are ischemic optic neuropathy and central retinal artery occlusion. Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy is the most common cause of POVL after spine surgery. It is important for spine surgeons to be aware of POVL and to participate in safe, collaborative perioperative care of spine patients. Proper education of perioperative staff, combined with clear communication and collaboration while positioning patients in the operating room is the best and safest approach. The prevention of uncommon complications of spine surgery depends primarily on identifying high-risk patients, proper positioning and optimal intraoperative management of physiological parameters. Modification of risk factors extrinsic to the patient may help reduce the incidence of PPNI and POVL. It is important for spine surgeons to be aware of PPNI and POVL to participate in safe, collaborative perioperative care of spine patients. Proper education of perioperative staff, combined with clear communication and collaboration while positioning patients in the operating room is the best and safest approach. The prevention of uncommon complications of spine surgery depends primarily on identifying high-risk patients, proper positioning and optimal intraoperative management of physiological parameters.Kamel I, Barnette R. Positioning patients for spine surgery: Avoiding uncommon position-related complications. World J Orthop

show abstract

“…13 Theoretically, because NBF does not autoregulate but, instead, responds passively to changes in blood pressure, [14][15][16][17][18][19] elevated blood pressure should result in…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between blood pressure and sciatic nerve blood flow velocity in rats with insulin-treated experimental diabetes

Olver

Grisé

McDonald

et al. 2014

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Peripheral nerve blood flow (NBF) does not autoregulate but, instead, responds passively to changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP). How this relationship is impacted by insulin-treated experimental diabetes (ITED) is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that ITED will reduce NBF across a range of MAP in Sprague Dawley rats. Following 10 weeks of control or ITED conditions, conscious MAP (tail-cuff) was measured, and under anaesthesia, the MAP (carotid artery catheter, pressure transducer) and NBF (Doppler ultrasound, 40 MHz) responses to sodium nitroprusside (60 µg/kg) and phenylephrine (12 µg/kg) infusion were recorded (regression equations for MAP vs NBF were created for each rodent). Thereafter, motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and nerve vascularization (haematoxylin and eosin stain) were determined. Conscious MAP was higher and MNCV was lower in the ITED group (p < 0.01). In response to drug infusions, the ΔMAP and ΔNBF were similar between groups (p ≥ 0.18). Estimated conscious NBF (based on substituting conscious MAP values into each individual regression equation) was greater in the ITED group (p < 0.01). Sciatic nerve vascularization was similar between groups (p ≥ 0.50). In contrast to the hypothesis, NBF was not reduced across a range of MAP. In spite of increased estimated conscious NBF values, MNCV was reduced in rats with ITED.

show abstract

Absence of autoregulation in peripheral nerve blood flow

Cited by 54 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of essential hypertension on short latency human somatosensory-evoked potentials

Effects of essential hypertension on short latency human somatosensory-evoked potentials

Positioning patients for spine surgery: Avoiding uncommon position-related complications

The relationship between blood pressure and sciatic nerve blood flow velocity in rats with insulin-treated experimental diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About