Absence of bioactive metabolites of amplcillin and amoxycillin in man

Cole, M.; Ridley, B.

doi:10.1093/jac/4.6.580

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…6,[31][32][33][34] Pharmacokinetic parameters, dosing recommendations, and suggested monitoring for select antimicrobials are provided in Table 3. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] All analyzed antimicrobial agents are expected to achieve adequate concentrations in the urine for the treatment of UTIs unless noted otherwise.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vancomycin‐Resistant Enterococcal Urinary Tract Infections

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Enterococci are a common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among hospitalized patients. The rising prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) is of particular concern within many institutions because of its association with increased mortality and health care costs, as well as limited treatment options. Clinicians need to differentiate between VRE-associated urinary colonization, asymptomatic bacteriuria, and UTIs in order to determine the need for treatment, optimal therapeutic options, and length of therapy. Unnecessary use of antibiotics in patients simply colonized and not infected with VRE in the urine has become a large problem in both hospitals and long-term care facilities. A PubMed-MEDLINE search was conducted to identify all English-language literature published between January 1975 and March 2010 in order to summarize diagnostic criteria and treatment options for VRE UTIs. Several antimicrobials are discussed, with the specific focus on those with the potential to treat VRE UTIs and susceptibility patterns of VRE from urinary sources: ampicillin, amoxicillin, daptomycin, doxycycline, fosfomycin, imipenem-cilastatin, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, penicillin, piperacillin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, tetracycline, and tigecycline. Recommendations for empiric treatment of enterococcal UTIs and definitive treatment of VRE UTIs, including an evidence-based treatment algorithm, are proposed. Ampicillin generally is considered the drug of choice for ampicillin-susceptible enterococcal UTIs, including VRE. Nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, and doxycycline have intrinsic activity against enterococci, including VRE, and are possible oral options for VRE cystitis. Linezolid and daptomycin should be reserved for confirmed or suspected upper and/or bacteremic VRE UTIs among ampicillin-resistant strains. Use of other antimicrobials, such as quinupristin-dalfopristin and tigecycline, should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis due to concerns of toxicity, resistance, and insufficient supportive data. Additional clinical data are needed to determine the optimal management and duration of therapy for VRE UTIs.

show abstract

Section: Antimicrobial Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vancomycin‐Resistant Enterococcal Urinary Tract Infections

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Specific to aminopenicillins, the mechanism of ampicillin resistance in E. faecium has been reported as the low-affinity penicillin binding protein 5 (PBP5) (15). Despite resistance, an investigation of 310 enterococci isolated from urine suggested that ampicillin MICs for enterococci, including ampicillin-resistant strains, were all within one dilution of 256 mcg/ml (10). After a single 250-mg dose of amoxicillin, peak urine concentrations in volunteers with normal renal function ranged from 306 to 856 g/ml (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a single dose of amoxicillin results in peak urinary concentrations of 306 to 856 g/ml (10). Therefore, urinary concentrations after oral administration of high doses of amoxicillin are expected to achieve concentrations well above the MICs of ampicillin-resistant VRE (10,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of Aminopenicillin Therapy for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcal Urinary Tract Infections

Cole

Kenney

Perri

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…8), which represents 35% of the drug-related substances recovered in the urine (COLE et al 1973;GRABER et al 1976). Bioautographic studies failed to reveal the existence of active metabolites (ULLMANN and WURST 1979;COLE and RIDLEY 1978).…”

Section: Amoxicillinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of β-Lactam Antibiotics

Kwan¹

1983

Antibiotics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Absence of bioactive metabolites of amplcillin and amoxycillin in man

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Vancomycin‐Resistant Enterococcal Urinary Tract Infections

Vancomycin‐Resistant Enterococcal Urinary Tract Infections

Outcomes of Aminopenicillin Therapy for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcal Urinary Tract Infections

Pharmacokinetics of β-Lactam Antibiotics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About