Absence of Heterozygous K83E and R257X Mutations of the AIRE-1 Gene in 46 Children with Type 1 Diabetes and 44 Children with Graves' Disease

Iwama, Saika; Ikezaki, Ayako; Matsuoka, Hisafumi; Hoshi, Mari; Sato, Hírokazu; Miyamoto, Shigeki; Sugihara, Shigetaka

doi:10.1297/cpe.14.17

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…( 12 ) and Shimura et al . ( 13 ) reported that there were high correlations between the bone age evaluated by BonAge® and the GP or TW2 methods. In contrast, Khan et al .…”

Section: Bone Age Assessment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone age: assessment methods and clinical applications

Satoh

2015

Clin Pediatr Endocrinol

159

124

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Abstract.The main bone age assessment methods are the Greulich-Pyle and Tanner-Whitehouse 2 methods, both of which involve left hand and wrist radiographs. Several other bone age assessment methods have been developed, including ultrasonographic, computerized, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging methods. The ultrasonographic method appears unreliable in children with delayed and advanced bone age. MR imaging is noninvasive; however, bone age assessment using MR imaging is relatively new, and further examinations are needed. An automated method for determining bone age, named BoneXpert, has been validated for Caucasian children with growth disorders and children of various ethnic groups. Sex hormones are necessary for bone growth and maturation in children with a bone age corresponding to normal pubertal age, and estrogen is essential for growth plate closure. Bone age is an effective indicator for diagnosing and treating various diseases. A new method for adult height prediction based on bone age has been developed using BoneXpert, in addition to the commonly used Bayley-Pinneau and Tanner-Whitehouse mark II methods. Furthermore, bone age may become a predictor for the timing of peak height velocity and menarche.

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“…( 12 ) and Shimura et al . ( 13 ) reported that there were high correlations between the bone age evaluated by BonAge® and the GP or TW2 methods. In contrast, Khan et al .…”

Section: Bone Age Assessment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone age: assessment methods and clinical applications

Satoh

2015

Clin Pediatr Endocrinol

159

124

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“…They showed that a good correlation existed with SBA results and TW2 method. [ 50 ] In contrast, Khan et al . suggested that ultrasonic assessment should not yet be considered a valid replacement for radiographic BA determination.…”

Section: B Ackground Of S Keletal mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The limitations of ultrasound assessment include its operator dependence, the likely lower intrarater and interrater reliability of assessment, and the difficulties with standardization of documentation and imaging transfer. Although, initial studies on a comparison with the GP atlas standards show promising results,[ 41 51 ] this method needs to be evaluated in a multiethnic population with a large sample size before its wide-scale use. [ 52 53 54 55 ]…”

Section: B Ackground Of S Keletal mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand X-ray in pediatric endocrinology: Skeletal age assessment and beyond

Sanctis

Maio

Soliman

et al. 2014

Indian J Endocr Metab

100

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Skeletal age assessment (SAA) is a clinical procedure which is used in determining the SA of children and adolescents. Bone development is influenced by a number of factors, including nutrition, hormonal secretions, and genetics. There are several factors to be borne in mind when using methods of assessing skeletal maturity. These include: Variability among methods, degree of variability in the estimation of skeletal maturation, sources of low accuracy, and dispersion of the values of skeletal maturation. Currently, the main clinical methods for SAA are the Greulich and Pyle (GP) and Tanner and Whitehouse (TW) methods. The GP method has the advantage of being quick and easy to use. A well-trained radiologist takes few minutes to determine the bone age (BA) from a single hand radiograph. The method of TW, however, seems to be more reliable than the GP method. In recent years, the increasing speed in computer sciences and reduction of their cost has given the opportunity to create and use computerized BA estimation system. Despite the fact that the number of automated systems for BAA have increased, most are still within the experimental phase. The use of automated BA determination system, cleared for clinical use in Europe (BoneXpert), has been validated for various ethnicities and children with endocrine disorders. Ultrasound imaging has some limitations that include operator dependence, lower intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of assessment and difficulties with standardization of documentation and imaging transfer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is noninvasive alternative tool for SA assessment in children. However, few studies have been reported on this topic, and further research is needed to evaluate the reliability and validity of MRI BAAs. In conclusion, at present radiographic methods for the assessment of BA remain the gold standards. Whatever method one adopts, it is essential to minimize the causes of imprecision by taking care to consider the quality of the X-ray. Moreover, it is imperative to assume a correct hand positioning because poor positioning can change the appearance of some bones. It is also preferable to employ scoring methods to these techniques and percentiles rather than BA in years and months. In addition, the possible differences in maturation among different population should be kept in mind.

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“…A result of one of these trials is BonAge ® (Sunlight Medical Ltd, Tel Aviv, Israel) which consists of a device that performs an ultrasonographic examination and software that calculates the BA on the basis of this examination ( 19 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ). BonAge ® measures the ossifying cartilage structures of the wrist as an ultrasonic wave passes through the subject’s distal radius and ulnar epiphysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional and New Methods of Bone Age Assessment-An Overview

Prokop-Piotrkowska¹,

Marszałek-Dziuba²,

Moszczyńska³

et al. 2021

Jcrpe

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Bone age is one of biological indicators of maturity used in clinical practice and it is a very important parameter of a child’s assessment, especially in paediatric endocrinology. The most widely used method of bone age assessment is by performing a hand and wrist radiograph and its analysis with Greulich-Pyle or Tanner-Whitehouse atlases, although it has been about 60 years since they were published. Due to the progress in the area of Computer-Aided Diagnosis and application of artificial intelligence in medicine, lately, numerous programs for automatic bone age assessment have been created. Most of them have been verified in clinical studies in comparison to traditional methods, showing good precision while eliminating inter- and intra-rater variability and significantly reducing the time of assessment. Additionally, there are available methods for assessment of bone age which avoid X-ray exposure, using modalities such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging.

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Absence of Heterozygous K83E and R257X Mutations of the AIRE-1 Gene in 46 Children with Type 1 Diabetes and 44 Children with Graves' Disease

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Bone age: assessment methods and clinical applications

Bone age: assessment methods and clinical applications

Hand X-ray in pediatric endocrinology: Skeletal age assessment and beyond

Traditional and New Methods of Bone Age Assessment-An Overview

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